Research On Routing Protocol For Balanced Energy Consumption Of Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network nodes are deployed in harsh and remote environments. The energy consumption of a sensor node occurs mostly in the data transmission process, routing protocols can decrease the transmission path distance between nodes, reduce the size of data transmission packet, thereby extending the lifetime of nodes and network. This paper systematically analyses the most classical routing protocol which named LEACH, it has been demonstrated that LEACH is an energy-efficient routing protocol of WSN, aim at the drawback of LEACH such as the indefinite and unevenly distributed cluster heads. We propose LEACH Balance Energy consumption (LEACH-BEC) on it.On the basis of LEACH randomly selects the number of cluster heads, this paper proposes a clustering algorithm for optimized cluster head selection. By analysis the energy consumption model of LEACH, compute the energy consumption of normal nodes and cluster head nodes in the process of data collection、data fusion、data transmission and broadcast and derive the optimal number of cluster heads. The Proposed protocol also makes a research on the relationship of the optimal number of cluster heads between the number of nodes, the scope of the network deployment, the average distance of the node and amplification factor of signals.In addition, this paper also put forward the idea of takes the remaining energy, the position of nodes in network, the distance between nodes and base station, the communication bandwidth of nodes as the main factors for cluster heads selection. In the process of the cluster head selection, the improved protocol based on the remain energy and physical position of nodes to selects the auxiliary cluster heads, if cluster heads are far from the center of gravity of network, the auxiliary cluster heads instead of the cluster head to assume the task of collecting the data packets of nodes.To verify the improved algorithm proposed in this paper, we compare the results with LEACH and LEACH-BEC. The simulation results show that the first node of LEACH-BEC dies later by51.2%and the network lifetime is decreased by10%-20%. It is believed that LEACH-BEC would balance the energy consumption of network and makes it live longer and it works well in wireless sensor networks and achieves it design goal. The number of images, table and references are24,4and49respectively.