Research On Balanced Energy Consumption Routing Schemes In WSN

Wireless sensor network(WSN) is a novel technology about acquiring and processing information, and is widely used in military, industrial controlling, environmental monitoring and medical assistance fields.In wireless sensor network, the energy is very limited, and can't be complemented in most situations. How to use the limited energy and resource to prolong the lifetime of WSN as long as possible has been widespread concerned and become a criterion to evaluate the routing scheme for WSN. This discusses how to balance the energy consumption for the entire network to prolong the lifetime of the network.Firstly, this thesis introduces a maximum-minimum energy path routing MCP, and proposes a global-energy-balanced routing protocol GEBR to improve MCP for some special topology architecture in the data gathering wireless sensor networks. Compared with the MCP protocol, GEBR constructs more candidates routing path, and minimizes the energy consumption imbalance among different nodes in the network through a mixed transmission mode resulting from hop by hop forwarding combined with direct forwarding. Compared with the MCP protocol, the simulation results show GEBR protocol effectively prolongs the lifetime of the network.Directed Diffusion(DD) protocol is a classic query-based routing protocol in WSN. This thesis proposes an improved energy balanced routing protocol EBDD based on the DD and its improved algorithm. EBDD proposes a novel path reinforcement scheme, and achieves the energy balance from the following aspects when creating the reinforced path: firstly, the reinforced path is selected based on three considerations: average remaining energy of the nodes on the path, minimum node energy on the path and the length cost of the path; secondly, the protocol constructs a small number of paths that are node-disjoint, and selects different reinforced paths to transmit data by the way of probability, which makes the energy dissipate on these paths. The simulation by OMNET++ shows the algorithm achieves the energy balance better, and prolongs the lifetime of the network effectively.