Research On Energy Consumption Balanced WSN Uneven Clustering Routing Algorithm

Wireless sensor network(WSN)is widely used in business,medical,civil,military industry and other fields because of its flexibility.How to utilize the energy of sensor nodes efficiently and balance their energy consumption to prolong the lifetime of the whole network and improve the QoS of network has always been closely paied attention by researchers.To avoid the unbalance of energy consumption and low energy utilization in sensor networks,we firstly designed an energy consumption balanced uneven clustering routing algorithm based on load which is called as ECUCL.On the basis of this,the theory presented an improved ECUCL-G based on gradient division.The main work and innovation of this paper are as follows:(1)An improved ECUCL algorithm is designed.To avoid the uneven distribution of cluster heads,this theory optimized the clustering mechanism by synthesizing residual energy of nodes,number of neighbor nodes and distance variance of neighbor nodes.In the process of joining clusters,the proportion of influence of the three factors is adjusted by weights and correction factors.In the process of multi-hop transmission,the distance to the next hop node,the residual energy of next hop,the number of member nodes and the distance variance from the member nodes to the cluster heads are all considered to select the nodes which are more capable of bearing the forwarding task.(2)An improved ECUCL-G algorithm is presented.Basing on the free space energy consumption transmission model,the gradient width values and the number of cluster heads within the gradient are determined by making the energy consumption of per gradient approximately equal within a round of information transmission.The balance of global energy consumption is achieved by balancing local energy consumption.(3)The ECUCL and ECUCL-G algorithm are proved by Matlab simulation in the distribution of cluster heads,multi-hop routing,network lifetime,average residual energy of nodes and so on.The results of experiments show that the ECUCL algorithm is more balanced compared with EEUC and DEBUC algorithm because of considering the node load rather than just considering node energy and distance.The ECUCL-G algorithm can better balance the node energy consumption,solve the hot zone problem and prolong the lifetime of the network.