Research On Distance-based And Energy-balanced Adapted Routing Protocol In Underwater Sensor Networks

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks(UWSNs)consists of sensor nodes fixed on the sea floor or floating in the water,the nodes communicate with each other and form an ad hoc network.The sensor nodes are equipped with sensors to collect temperature,depth,emergency and other information.These data are transmitted to the base station or ship floating on the water surface by means of acoustic.The surface base station is responsible for collecting all the data collected by the common sensor nodes,and then passed to the satellite or the Internet by radio waves,and ultimately passed to the land base station.The topology of UWSNs is dynamically changing.The movement of nodes leads to uneven distribution of the nodes at underwater,with higher density of node in some parts and lower density of node in other parts.The traditional geographic routing protocol for UWSNs is designed for specific underwater environment,which lacks dynamic adaptability.Considering the dynamic and uneven characteristic of the underwater sensor network,we propose a new geographic routing protocol for UWSNs,which is termed Distance-Based and Energy-Balanced Adapted Routing Protocol(DEAR).In DEAR,each node keeps a record of information from its neighboring nodes while it receives messages,thus maintaining a list of neighboring nodes.Before sending data,each node receives message only from neighboring nodes within a specific area,based on the distribution of its neighbor nodes.Only an small amount of nodes with superior overall performance is involved in forwarding messages,significantly saving the energy consumption.According to different node density in different regions,the protocol will adaptively adjust the size of receiving area and dynamically adapt to the changes of network topology.Finally,the DEAR protocol is implemented on the Aqua-Sim simulation platform.The DEAR protocol is compared with the HHVBF protocol and other protocols to verify the performance of the DEAR protocol in terms of delivery rate and energy consumption.It can be seen from the comparative analysis of the experimental results that the DEAR protocol has a high advantage,especially in response to dynamic changes in the network topology has obvious advantages of energy consumption.