Simulation Of Pedestrian Behaviors Based On Cellular Automaton And Floor Field

Simulation of pedestrian behavior is the premise to evaluate and optimize the construction,operation and management of public facilities,and to ensure the safty of pedestrians.In recent years,the research of pedestrian behavior simulation based on cellular automata model can be divided into two categories: the study of the typical phenomenon of pedestrian flow under non emergency and the study of pedestrian evacuation behavior under emergency.At present,the study of pedestrian typical phenomenon about onlooking behavior is not much.Besides,for the study of pedestrian evacuation behavior under emergency,the influences of events spread and pedestrian panic on pedestrian evacuation process are usually not considered,which causes the evacuation process is too ideal to describe the pedestrian motion characteristics.Therefore,given full consideration to the above effects,it is of great significance to establish a pedestrian model which can effectively describe pedestrian behavior and be more suitable for the actual situation.In order to solve the above problems,this paper based on the traditional floor field cellular automaton model,considering the effects of environmental conditions,characteristics of the events,psychological function of the pedestrians and behavior custom,study the onloking behavior under attracive events and the evacuation behavior under emergency respectively.The contents are as follows:Firstly,study of pedestrian onlooking behavior under attractive events.In order to effectively describe the onloking behavior of pedestrian,this paper analyzes the characteristics of attractive events and pedestrian,considering the effects of pedestrians following behavior,sight distance,psychological distance and random factors on onlooking behaviors,puts forward the attractive field and intersting value,so as to establish the floor field model composed of static floor field,dynamic floor field and attractive field,and defines the simulation rules.Finally,the validity of the model is verified by simulation experiments,and the influence of relative parameters on pedestrian behavior is analyzed.Secondly,study pedestrian evacuation behavior under emergency.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of emergency and pedestrians,this paper presents the concept of the event diffusion field to depict the influence of the incident spred on the evacuation process.In addition,in order to describe the influence of pedestrian panic on pedestrian evacuation,the concept of panic coefficient is put forward,and the calculation method of panic coefficient is also defined.Thus,a pedestrian evacuation model is established,which is composed of static floor field,dynamic floor field and event diffusion field.Finally,the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the model,and analyze the influencing factors of pedestrian evacuation process.All of the above,this paper puts forward two kinds of pedestrian model under attractive events and emergency events,respectively.The experimental results show that the simulation behaviors of pedestrians are consistent with the actual motion behaviors,which can well reproduce the pedestrian onlooking behavior and evacuation behavior,and reveal the formation mechanism and influencing factors.