Campus Indoor Evacuation Modeling And Optimization Based On Cellular Automaton

Evacuation plan of teaching building plays an important role to protect studentsand teachers from injury in case of emergency, and the development of scientific andeffective evacuation plan is of great practical significance. As a result, the evacuationplan has become an extremely popular research topic in recent years.Current existing researches on teaching building evacuation either focus onmicro-simulation, or focus on the macro-optimization, rarely combine the twotogether. What’s more, most microscopic simulation models only study the schoolbuildings area to simulate without considering the overall relevance of schoolbuildings. On the other hand, the macro planning models tend to consider only theefficiency of the entire teaching building evacuation, ignoring the details of thebehavior of individuals. This thesis focuses on the evacuation in the first teachingbuilding in new campus of Wuhan University of Technology, using cellular automatonmodel to simulate the evacuation for the entire building, considering the associationbetween different areas in the building. This thesis also use ant colony optimization tooptimize individuals’ evacuation path, taking into account the clear time of teachingbuilding and evacuations path length of teachers and students. The works of this thesiscan be described as below.(1) This thesis built a model for evacuation simulation based on cellularautomaton model. Based on the cellular automaton model, this thesis uses the finemesh model to generate cellular space and model the first teaching building in newcampus of Wuhan University of Technology, and uses the shortest path to generatepotential model to guide the direction of movement of pedestrians, and draws on theconceptions in social force model to simulate the behavior of pedestrian affected byother pedestrians and environment around when take a step. Finally, a renderingsystem was developed to demonstrate the evacuation process of the teaching buildingin the form of three-dimensional animation.(2) This thesis designed an evacuation optimization algorithm based on antcolony optimization. Various evacuation measurements can be proposed fromdifferent aspects of the evacuation process, and this thesis mainly focuses on theevacuation clear time and people’s average path length during evacuation process.The evacuation simulation model described before using shortest path to guide pedestrian’s movement can get shortest evacuation path length, but not the clear timeof the teaching building. To optimize these two measurements, the thesis adopted antcolony optimization algorithm, which is tightly related to the evacuation simulationestablished above.Based on the model and algorithm mentioned above, this thesis simulated theevacuation process in the first teaching building in Wuhan University of Technology,and optimized clear evacuation time and people’s average path length.