The Simulation Research Of Pedestrian Evacuation In Large-scale Field Hall On Evergency

The process of human evacuation poses a threat to the public safety. If accidents occur in the evacuation crowd, it is very likely to hinder the process of evacuation, or even cause injury or death. So, works must be done to study the evacuation dynamics.On the one hand, unlike other study object, the behavior of crowd, especially evacuation crowd, depends greatly on the interactions among crowd members and many other factors. So, it is very difficult to formulate it. On the other hand, the number of people must be evacuated is usually very high in emergent situation. It is impossible to do experiment like that due to the great expenditure and the possibility of accidents. So, the main feasible tool can be used to study evacuation dynamics is computer simulation.Macroscopic models are built based on the behavior of the crowd. And the interactions of the individuals are completely ignored. Because its simplicity, this kind of models requires less computational capability comparing with microscopic models, and became the main stream in the early years of the crowd study. With the developing of the computer technology, computational limit has been greatly relaxed. Microscopic model became the main stream. In this kind of models, the simulating object is individual. The behavior of the crowd is generated in the model.Based on the analysis of existing microscopic models, a new evacuation simulation model was presented in this paper. Concerned the tradeoff of application and performance, this model was built by the techniques of continuous microscopic model building and especially used discrete space models when appreciate and display. With the introduction of many factors, the model can simulate evacuation dynamics under various situations. Comparing with existing models, this one is more flexible.Based on that simulation model, simulation software PESS was developed. This software can be used for the evacuation simulation of many kinds of buildings such as harbors, theatres, stadiums, skyscrapers, schools and so on. The building design can be checked and optimized with the help of simulation results. Evacuation plan can also benefit by PESS. This simulation tool can be used for the personal education too.