Research On Security Routing In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network(WSN for short)is a self-organizing network.In wireless sensor network,a large number of sensor nodes,which can communicate with each other wirelessly,are deployed in the surveillance area to perceive and acquire the information of the environment or monitoring objects,and then process and transmit the data through collaboration with other sensor nodes.It can be said that the wireless sensor network is a combination of sensor technology,wireless communication technology and embedded computing technology.Since the sensor nodes are powered by batteries,which can not be replaced or rechargeable,if a large number of nodes die due to excessive load and energy exhaustion,it will cause the network structure damaged seriously,which influences the performance and lifetime of the network.Due to the characteristics of limited energy,the nodes can not perform complex computations,which limits the complexity of routing algorithm in wireless sensor networks.So,how to design energy-efficient routing algorithm,is one of the hot research field of wireless sensor network technology.Hierarchical routing protocol clustering have obvious advantages than flat routing protocols in energy consumption,the traditional hierarchical routing protocol such as LEACH,cluster heads are selected by random way,and neither the residual energy nor the behavior of nodes are take into consideration,so it is hard to guarantee the quality of the cluster heads,which degrades the communication quality of the network because the bad nodes or malicious nodes can be selected as cluster heads easily.The new algorithm LEACH-ET proposed in this paper is a routing algorithm based on clustering,two factors are take into consideration during the clustering process: residual energy and trust value.By adding those two factors,the quality of communication and network security are improved because the routing efficiency are enhanced and the cluster heads' quality are guaranteed.LEACH-ET has also improved on the traditional hierarchical routing algorithm in control of the number of cluster heads and the minimum distance between cluster heads,these improvements can make the distribution of cluster head more uniform and reasonable,improve the utilization rate of the network resources and the quality of network communication.As the nodes' resources in wireless sensor network are limited,the routing algorithm can not be too complex,and generally routing algorithms with simple arithmetic are less resistant to various attack from malicious node.Nevertheless the wireless sensor networks are often applied inthe scenarios of hostile areas or harsh environments,they are likely to encounter a variety of attacks.So the secure routing of wireless sensor networks is also a very important research area.In the LEACH protocol,the security mechanism for malicious nodes is not taken into consideration,leading to poor safety performance.To improve the LEACH,LEACH-ET algorithm has added an authentication mechanism of malicious nodes,twice trust-value judgment mechanism,to determine whether it is an attack suspect according to the node's trust value,and using the two judgment mechanism to reduce the possibility of misjudgment.Then we have put forward the LEACH-GET algorithm to strengthen its judgment mechanism by adding a geographic information authentication mechanism.The combination of geographic information authentication mechanism and the twice trust-value judgment mechanism,can further improve the speed and accuracy of malicious node authentication,and effectively improve the security of routing.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm LEACH-GET has better energy efficiency than the traditional hierarchical routing protocol,and improves the communication quality and safety performance of the network.