Research On Energy Efficiency Of Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) is a major intelligent and task-oriented network system, having self-organization, its main function is to sense, collect, process and transmit the network data. Wireless sensor network has fairly broad application prospects, it has been used in the civil, military, industrial and many other fields for the time being. Due to the huge scientific significance and application value, it has caused a great deal of attention in academia, military defense and industrial fields all over the world.The node of wireless sensor network is usually battery-powered, its energy is very limited, and replace the battery or apply with the power for every sensor node is almost impossible. But energy has a decisive impact on the whole network lifetime, so how to optimize the energy of network so as to effectively use the energy of network is an urgent problem to solve for wireless sensor network at the present.Sleep Scheduling, data fusion, data compression, topology control, energy harvesting, energy efficient routing design, power control and other improve the energy efficiency in WSN of methods are described in this paper, all these methods can improve the energy efficiency of wireless sensor network. It studies the reasons for the four main function modules of the architecture of the sensor nodes energy consumption. This paper also respectively analyzes and summarizes the reason for energy consumption in WSN network protocol stack's five levels, and put forward the corresponding energy-saving strategy for the two aspects. On the basis of the energy efficiency research of wireless sensor network, this paper gives the analysis of typical hierarchical routing protocol LEACH in detail, aiming at the shortage, improved the scheme of LEACH protocol, the main improved work shows as follows:First of all, the improved algorithm consider the residual energy of nodes as a weight parameters introduced into the cluster head selection scheme, the nodes with more residual energy has more chance of being elected cluster head, so as to effectively balance the energy and load of the whole network.Secondly, in the improved algorithm, the concept of the optimal cluster head number is introduced and the number of the cluster heads is determined to avoid the problem of too many or too few of the cluster heads in the monitoring coverage area.Then, when the cluster head and the base station adopt the form of multi hop communication to transfer the data, weight function is introduced into the next hop routing node selection scheme, so as to save the overall energy consumption of the network.Finally, Make the simulation experiments on the MATLAB platform, analyze and compare the performance of LEACH algorithm and the improved algorithm. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm can more effectively balance the energy and load for the network, improve energy efficiency and prolong the lifetime of the whole network.