Energy Efficiency Of Clustering Wireless Sensor Network With Cooperative Mimo

Wireless sensor network is usually deployed in harsh environment or area people are hard to reach. It expands the ability of people to obtain information greatly and has a very broad application prospects. Wireless sensor network is usually composed of a large number of sensor nodes that are battery-powered. Their energy is very limited and the battery is difficult to replace. Therefore, how to use the limited battery power of sensor nodes will directly affect the network lifetime.Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the network in wireless sensor network. Clustering is an effective energy-saving technology and the structure of the network topology it forms is very similar to the MIMO system. Thus, we combine the clustering routing algorithm in the network layer and MIMO technology in the physical layer for cross-layer energy-saving design.The paper makes a comprehensive understanding of wireless sensor network and MIMO technology, and then analyzes the low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy protocol (LEACH). For the uneven distribution of cluster head and the neglect of energy state of the node in LEACH, we propose an energy-efficient clustering routing protocol, called EE-LEACH. Based on the analysis of the energy efficiency of cooperative MIMO, we combine cooperative MIMO and EE-LEACH together to further balance the network load, and propose an energy-balanced cooperative MIMO transmission protocol, called EB-LEACH-MIMO.In EE-LEACH, the monitored region is plotted into many sector sub-regions according to the optimal number of clusters and each sub-region is as a cluster. The location and the residual energy of nodes are considered when we choose the cluster heads for clustering. The cluster heads for next round are generated by the cluster heads in current round. In EB-LEACH-MIMO, we further improve EE-LEACH by using the regular hexagon for partitioning, and then combine the cooperative MIMO for cross-layer design in the network layer and the physical layer.Under the platform of MATLAB, LEACH, EE-LEACH, LEACH-MIMO and EB-LEACH-MIMO are simulated respectively. LEACH-MIMO is a simple combination of LEACH and cooperative MIMO. The simulation results show that EE-LEACH can effectively save the network energy and the time when the first node dies is delayed55%compared with LEACH. Compared with LEACH-MIMO, EB-LEACH-MIMO can greatly prolong the network lifetime.