Key Techniques Of MIMO Radar And Their Implementation On FPGA

As a new radar system, MIMO radar owns its unique advantages, which have sparked widespread concerns in recent years. By controlling each transmitter emit mutually orthogonal waveform, instead of forming a narrow beam of high-gain, MIMO radar form a wide beam of low-gain at the transmitting terminal, which make it can detect target signal of the entire air space; at the receiving terminal, we can form multiple beams simultaneously by using digital beam forming technology, there is not only the receiving beamforming, but also the equivalent of transmitting beamforming, thus improving the detecting capability of the target signal; compared with the traditional phased array radar, MIMO radar truly achieves simultaneous multi-beam forming through exploiting waveform diversity.Simultaneous multi-beam forming and pulse synthesis are the main differences between MIMO radar and conventional array radar in signal processing, which are also the key technologies of MIMO radar signal processing. For MIMO radar signal processing, since we need to deal with the multi-channel data, multibeam data, so the real-time implementation of MIMO radar signal processing require higher computation, which can be imagined. Since the field-programmable gatearray(FPGA) computing speed, storage resource-rich, high stability, hardware primitives and IP resourceseasily to be used, therefore the key technologies of digital beam forming(DBF) and pulse processing for MIMO radar is very ideally suited use FPGA to achieve. This key technique and how it’s implemented on FPGA is introduced in this thesis.First, this thesis introduces the basic principle of MIMO radar, establishes the signal model of MIMO radar, and analyzes the characteristics of the emission energy distribution. Then, the basic principle of digital beamforming and pulse compression are described in detail, and the relevant simulations analysis are given. Next, the analysis emphatically and discussion of the MIMO radar signal processing method for beamforming and matched filtering’s different process order is focused on, and thus leads to a MIMO radar signal processing method for receiving beamforming firstly and pulse synthesis beamforming after, and the related knowledge of channel correction is introduced. Finally, this thesis gives the key technologies’ implementation on FPGA,which the receiving beamforming firstly and pulse synthesis after, and the realization of the function of DBF make full use of the time-sharing multiplexing design idea, the realization of the function of pulse synthesis adopted the ping-pong water treatment in Frequency Domain, the realization of the DBF function and pulse synthesis function, comprehensive take something into consideration that the mutual restraint between processing speed and resource consumption area, which make the processing of the FPGA to achieve optimal performance.