The Intellectual Criterion Of AI

As a science, Artificial Intelligence’s goal is to make intelligent machines like people to do things. But how can we determine the machines like a man is intelligent or not. On this issue, we can go back to Turing’s discussion on the relationship between general-purpose computer and intelligent. His proposed standard for determining machine intelligence was later known as the Turing test. The criteria for determining whether the machine is intelligence from the day has been proposed, caused a large number of discussion. Today, people on the criterion of machine intelligence had failed to reach a consensus on the issue. This is because we do not know the essence of intelligent, it is also because we do not know what kind of phenomenon could serve as a judge of the intelligence evidence. In short, due to we have no consensus to the nature of our intelligence and intelligence evidence, thus the standard for determining machine intelligence is still in the various disputes and discussions.Thus, we need to know about the existing three judging criteria for the standard of artificial intelligence. The first criterion is derived from Turing, it concluded that the machine is intelligence if we cannot distinguish who is the human and the other is the machine in the imitation game. The Turing criterion was improved by Hamad, he extended the criteria from a text-based interface to both text-based and total external sensorimotor ability. However, no one adopted this criterion because of the range of this criteria is too wide and cannot be used for the actual test. Schweizer then by analyzing the social attribute of language indicates that the language can be used as a criterion of whether the individual has intelligence. Through the discussion of these criterions of intelligence, this paper indicates that although the features of intelligence what they stress is different, all these criteria saw that behavior and language is important to intelligence. Turing is focused on text-based interactive speech acts, Harnad stressed that all the external behavior of the individual, and Schweizer focused on sociolinguistic factors.