A Study On The Evolution Of Primary And Secondary School Teachers Image After The Founding Of The People's Republic Of China(1949-1999)

Teacher image refers to a relatively stable overall impression of teachers expectation and evaluation by the public,under a certain social background and historical conditions.Teacher's image is the reflection of teacher's role and position,and it's also social's expectations and evaluation of teacher's role and position.And China's society has undergoing profound social changes,accompanied by teacher image's changes.This study attempts to examine the evolution of teacher image from the perspective of social change.This study aims to take People's Education as the main clue to study the evolution of primary and secondary school teachers' image through analyzing it's reports involved.And through the analysis of the content of People's Education,the study divides the evolution of primary and secondary school teachers' image after liberation into five stages.The first stage(1949-1955): from the founding of the country to the completion of socialist transformation.After the founding of new China,our country positioned teachers as "people's teacher serving for the workers and peasants".But to become a real "people teachers",teachers must be received ideological transformation and eliminated their petty bourgeois ideology.Therefore,this period of the image of teachers can be summarized as "the transformation of the people's teachers."The second stage(1956-1965): from the completion of socialist transformation to the 1966 before the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution.In the Great Educational Revolution,"red and dedicated" revolutionary teachers became the political needs in this period.So on the one hand,teachers should be carry out bold revolution in the teaching,on the other hand,teachers should always adhere to the correct class position and revolutionary consciousness.But it seemed a bit difficult for teachers to balance the "red" and the "special".So this period's teacher image can be summarized as "trying to become a 'revolutionary teacher'".The third stage(1966-1976): the entire period of the Cultural Revolution.During this period our country mistakenly divided the teachers into the ranks of the bourgeoisie,and the teacher became the object of criticism and strikes.Society carried out the criticism of "division of dignity",and teachers were slandered as "Smelly Old Nine".Teachers must be accept "re-education" to re-become "people's teachers".So the image of teachers in this period can be summed up as "re-educated bourgeois intellectuals."The fourth stage(1977-1999): the end of the Cultural Revolution to the the late nineties of the last century.After the end of the Cultural Revolution,the atmosphere respecting teachers gradually formed.And teachers back to the ranks of the working class and became an ordinary worker getting rid of political constraints gradually.The economic status of teachers replace the political status of teachers becoming the main factors affecting the image.However,due to low wages and seriously arrears of wages in this period,teacher's social image in this period is slightly embarrassing.During this period,the teacher image can be summarized as "awkward laborers under the respecting atmosphere".The fifth stage(2000——):after entering the new century,the new curriculum reform puts forward new demands to teachers,which makes the research consciousness of teachers become more and more important,and the teachers' "professional" image is more and more emphasized.Teachers are becoming a professional awareness of educational research.But the professional seems to be a "double-edged sword".With the development of teachers professional,teachers' own intellectual spirit is in decline.Throughout the evolution process of China's primary and secondary school teachers after liberation,we can see that the social changes profoundly affect the teacher's image generation.Before the Cultural Revolution,the image of primary and secondary school teachers is mainly affected by the political atmosphere.After the Cultural Revolution,the image of primary and secondary school teachers is mainly affected by economic status.Since the new century,with the improvement of teachers 'economic status,teachers' image has become more and more focused on professional development.So after liberation,primary and secondary school teachers are out of politics and the economic constraints to become the main body of independence and freedom,even to be professionals.