| ObjectivesThis study aims are to investigate undergraduate nursing students' psychological help-seeking, coping style, and mental health leve, and to analyze the distribution of the three variables in the demographic variables, and to discuss their correlation, and to analyze the influence factors of undergraduate nursing student's mental health, as well as providing a credible explanation for the current situation of psychological help seeking of undergraduate nursing students, then promote the role of the college counseling center and improve undergraduate nursing students' coping style, and provide a theoretical basis of improving the undergraduate nursing students mental health level.MethodsIn this study, we used the method of multistage samplings, 776 undergraduate nursing students in Tianjin Medical University(TMU), Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Clinical Medicine College of Tianjin Medical University were selected as research subjects. Through general information questionnaire, SCL-90(symptom self-rating) scale, ATSPPH(Attitudes toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help),CSPHSQ( College students' psychological help seeking questionnaire)and CSQ(Coping Style Questionnaire) to conducte the questionnaire survey. Finally, select 12 undergraduate nursing students of TMU to collect data through semi-structured interviews, in order to understand of undergraduate nursing students' cognition of the psychological help seeking.Use SPSS17.0 statistical software for the statistical analysis. Statistical methods include: descriptive statistics, ?2 test, univariate analysis(t test, ANOVA) to compare the differences in questionnaire scores of classification variables, used correlation analysis test variables(psychological help seeking, coping style) and mental health;used multiple linear regression analysis to explore the influence factors of college nursing students' mental health. Use NVivo8.0 software to manage and assistant analyz semi-structured interview data, and discusse the current situation of psychological help seeking of undergraduate nursing students.Results1. 776 out of 812 questionnaires were valid; the valid response rate was 95.57%.Female students were 723, accounting for 93.18%, and male students were 53,accounting for 6.82%; there were 46 students had to seek professional psychological help, accounting for 5.93%.2. The undergraduate nursing students' mental health SCL-90 total score was(141.64±51.46) point, scale of nine factor(somatization, compulsion symptoms,interpersonal relationship sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoia and mental symptoms), except the interpersonal relationship sensitivity, the scores of the other factors were higher than the national norm(t=3.525,P<0.01;t=9.014,P<0.01;t=3.327,P<0.01;t=7.438,P<0.01;t=2.517,P<0.05;t=4.016,P<0.01;t=4.408,P<0.01; t=4.072,P<0.01). Compared with the national college students' norm, except somatization, other factor scores were lower than the norm. The prevalence of mental problems of nursing students was 26.16%, only 14.41% of students with moderate or above psychological problems had sought professional psychological help.3. Undergraduate nursing students' professional psychological help-seeking attitude total score was(94.25 ± 9.21) points, which was above the average. Each dimension scores from high to low are the shame tolerance(3.42±0.51) points,interpersonal openness(3.35 ± 0.49) points, mental health experts trust degree(3.24±041) points, and the self-cognition of psychological help score was the lowest(3.08±0.42) points. In stigma tolerance and professional psychological help-seeking attitude total score, ordinary nursing students were significantly higher than that of International-Oriented nursing major students. Undergraduate nursing students who had sought professional psychological help experience were better than not help group in the self-cognition of psychological help.4. Undergraduate nursing students' non-professional psychological help-seeking total score was(66.54±10.84) points, which was in the medium level. Undergraduate nursing students' non-professional psychological help-seeking level who knows there was a psychological counseling center in the school was better than the unknowing one.5.Undergraduate nursing students' coping style scores from high to low are resolving problems(0.85±0.14) point, seeking help(0.67±0.18) point, fantasy(0.62±0.29)point, avoidanc(0.59±0.20)point, and self-blame(0.53±0.16)point.6. Correlation analysis showed that the total score of ATSPPH, were negatively related to total score of SCL-90 and all factors except obsessive-compulsive symptoms(P<0.01); the score of trust in mental health experts were negatively related to total score of SCL-90 and all factors(P<0.01); the score of non-professional psychological help seeking was positively correlated with SCL-90 total score and each factor(P<0.01); the score of help-seeking copying style was positive to total score of SCL-90 and all factors(P<0.01).7. Multiple linear regression analysis showed family monthly income,professional psychological help-seeking experience, whether known students' counseling center, help-seeking coping style, instrumental help, negative behavior for help, and avoidance help-seeking have predictive effects on the mental health level of undergraduate nursing students.8. When faced with psychological problems, the undergraduate nursing students showed the first to turn to their own, and then to others, and to compare with seeking professional psychological help, they are more inclined to seek non-professional psychological help. The recourses sorting are: close friends, family, and teachers.Undergraduate nursing students' awareness of professional psychological help seeking attitude was positive, but their self-professional psychological help seeking behavior was negative, which shows the inconsistency between knowledge and behavior.Conclusions(1) This study showed that undergraduate nursing students' mental health level was poorer than that of the national norm but was better than normal college students' norm. The undergraduate nursing students coping style was more mature,their professional psychological help-seeking attitude was above the average, and their non-professional psychological help-seeking score was in the medium level.When undergraduate nursing students encounter psychological problems, they willfirst turn to their own, and then to others,when they turn to the outside for help,they are more inclined to the non-professional psychological help seeking, but the professional psychological help-seeking behavior is not active.The recourses sorting are: close friends, family, and teachers.(2) The dimension of psychological help-seeking, coping style and mental health were significantly related. Family monthly income, seeking professional psychological help experience, whether known students' counseling center,help-seeking coping style, instrumental help, negative behavior for help, and avoidance help-seeking can predict the mental health level of undergraduate nursing students.In summary, the universities should strengthen the publicity of mental health work, in order to promote the content of mental health services in schools through the participation of high, attractive and multi ways, and then enhance school mental health services awareness rate and utilization rate. Meanwhile the students' psychological health education in universities should actively guide students to correct understanding of the psychological pressure, and encourage students who are encountering psychological distressand to take mature coping style to actively seek help, and initiative to improve the seeking professional psychological help. and improve the undergraduate nursing students' mental health level. |
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