| Risk perception is the cognition, attitude and subjective judgment when people faces risk. As the important part of risk management, risk perception has become research hotspot in economics, psychology, management, catastrophology and so on. Nurse is a high risk profession, nurses always face various potential risks during nursing operation in workplaces. Risk perception is probably a mediation factors will affect their work attitude,behaviors, physical and mental health, which affects the quality of nursing work, and even results in lower job satisfaction, psychological stress, turnover intention, and other problems. Therefore, research on medical risk perception is extremely urgent from the perspective of protection of medical staff.At present, the research on nurse risk perception is on the initial stage both in China and abroad, mainly focuses on nurse professional risk types. But how to perceive risk, the structure of risk perception, the characteristics and other issues are not clear. This researchcombined the method of qualitative and quantitative research, studied the structure of risk perception dimensions, developed assessment tools for risk perception, and systematically made clear the influence of nurses' risk perception on the basis of previous studies. The research result will have important theory value and practical significance in effectively reducing the negative impact of risk factors for nurse, and constructing the prior-warning mechanism of the nurse risks.Objective1. Research the risk perception structure of nurses and construct the risk perception questionnaire;2.Make clear the characteristic and its level of risk perception of nurses;3. Explore the effect of population sociology factors on how to influence the risk perception of nurse.Methods1. Through the Literature analysis, expert consultation, and qualitative studies,established the nurse risk perception item pool. Through method of Delphi expert enquiry and statistics analysis, constructed the preliminary questionnaire of nurse risk perception.304 nurses from xi 'an were conducted to questionnaire survey. Which includes item analysis, exploratory factor analysis and other statistical analysis.2. The questionnaire was applied on the investigation of 209 nurses, who come from Class-I hospitals, Class-II hospitals and community health centers in xi 'an, in order to test internal consistency, reliability,retest reliability, Content validity(CVI) and structure validity of the questionnaire.3. Used the nurse risk perception questionnaire to analyze 608 nurses risk perception from 7 comprehensive hospital, 1 community health service centers and 47 clinics in xi 'an.Then used T test, analysis of variance and multiple linear regression to analyze the influence factors of nurses' risk perception.Results1. Constructed the risk perception questionnaire of nurse.1.1 Preliminarily constructed the nurse risk perception questionnaire Through the research literature, qualitative interviews, Delphi expert enquiry, and item analysis, exploratory factor analysis were carried out from 304 nurses' data of questionnaire survey. Determine established the 6 dimensions(Personal security risk,Physical function risk, Occupational exposure risk, Social mentality risk, Organizational factor risk and Time risk), 28 items of nurse risk perception questionnaire. Through exploratory factor analysis, 6 common factor extraction, cumulative variance contribution rate of 67.41%.1.2 Verified the nurse risk perception questionnaireThe Cronbach 's alpha coefficient of the nurse risk perception questionnaire was0.947,6 dimensions of the questionnaire Cronbach 's alpha coefficients between 0.748 ~0.870,split-half reliability was 0.828, retest reliability was 0.968(P=0.000), content validity(S-CVI)was 0.928, Confirmatory factor analysis results showed that each indexes of the structural model all in the standard range.( 2/df =1.94,AGFI=0.81,NFI =0.95,NNFI=0.97,CFI=0.97,RMSEA=0.07).2. The analysis of current situation of risk perception for nurses2.1 The current situation of nurse risk perceptionIn the 608 nurse, total score of the risk perception is 87.50±16.83, scoring average is62.50%.The nurse risk perception is intermediate level. Score in the top three dimensions are: Physical function risk(69.15%), Occupational exposure risk(66.15) and time risk(63.36%). The top five items are: You often worried about dyssecretosis or sleep problem due to frequent night shifts, You often worried about digestive system disease due to irregular diet from shift change, You often worried about needle stab or cut during operation process, You often worried about infectious disease from having contact with patients with such disease, You often worried about varicosity or lumbar vertebra disease from standing for long.2.2 The influence factors of nurse risk perception2.2.1 Single factor analysisIn addition to the different marital status nurse of risk perception was no statistical significance between outside(P>0.05)age, working years, hospital level, department,title, and degree of nurses there were differences in risk perception of scores, and the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).Age:<25 years old nurse' risk perception level was significantly lower than 25~29and 30~34 years old nurse, and 25~29 years old nurse' risk perception level was significantly higher than 40 years old nurse.Years of work: <5years group of nurse' risk perception level was lower than 5~9and10~14 years group of nurse.Level of the hospital: nurse of tertiary hospital risk perception level was higher than nurse of secondary hospital and community health center.Departments: Internal medicine group nurse' risk perception level was lower than the surgical group, emergency treatment group and care unit level group.Title: Senior nurse' risk perception level was higher than nurse and nurse-in-charge or above group.Educational background: Technical secondary school nurse' risk perception level was lower than Junior college and University or above group.2.2.2 Multiple stepwise regression analysisChoosed influencing factors which have statistically difference in the single factor analysis as independent variables, and appointed the nurse risk perception total score as the dependent variable, and multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the influence factors of their egression equation are nurses' age, working years, respectively the level of hospital and department.Conclusion1. This study constructed the nurse risk perception questionnaire, which has good reliability and validity. It can be used in measuring the risk perception of nurse as assessment tool.2. The risk perception of nurse in xi 'an is in the middle level. The influence of age,years of work, level of hospital and department are the main factors in affecting the nurse'risk perception. |
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