Investigation On Current Situation Of Apple Pesticide Use And Determination Of Pesticides Residues In Shaanxi Apple

With the improvement of our living level,the demand for fruits and vegetables has been increasing,and apple has played an important role in fruit because of its rich nutrition and good quality such as easy to store and transport.Whether the pesticide in apple is used properly or the pesticides residue excess the MRL has been concerned consumers.China is the largest country in apple production,and Shaanxi is the largest province of apple production in China.So,this paper investigated the pesticides used in the main producing areas of apples in Shaanxi,and collected its apple samples for determination of pesticides residue in shaanxi.In this paper,the orchard in apple area of Shaanxi province was randomly selected,then we visited the fameres by the questionnaire.From the survey we can see that the pesticides were used about 3-14 times in the apple orchard annually,and the pesticide were used about7-8 times almost,accounting for 47.5%.All the pesticides were sprinkled with diesel engines.The pesticides cost was about 50-700 yuan per 666.67m2,between 400-500 yuan per666.67m2 was the largest proportion,accounting for 34.17%.According to the detections of18 pesticides residues,which showed that Cypermethrin,Beta cypermethrin,Deltamethrin,?-BHC,Cynamid-3911,Chlorpyrifos,and Methyl parathion were not detected..Secondly,some of the pyrethroid pesticides were detected,but all of them did not excess the MRL.There have bigger problemes of ?-BHC and pp?-DDT in their residues,their detectable rate were 30.03%?45.73% partly;the over-standard rate were 10.19%?18.73% partly.But both the detectable rate and over-standard rate of the others pesticides were lower than 5%.The detectable rate of early apple and late ripening apple were 18.95% and 86.67% respectively,and the over-standard rate were 13.07% and 45.71% respectively,so the early apple is better than the late apple in safety.In addition,excluding the influence of ?-BHC and pp?-DDT,the detectable rate and the over-standard rate of 16 pesticides were lower in Shaanxi apples,the detection rate was between 9.52% and 22.92%,and the rate of exceeding the standard was between 4.76% and 15.69%.From the above result we can know that the pesticides used at present are all pesticides with high efficiency and low residue.Whether the pesticide can be used reasonably by fruit farmers is tightly related to the farmers' education level,economic level and the guidance ofpesticides dealers.The problemes of ?-BHC and pp?-DDT in Shaanxi apple was prominent,and the quality and safety of early-maturing apple was better than that the late-ripening apple.Amost apples in shaanxi were safe,especially Fengxiang Fufeng and Luochuan is better than other region in shaanxi.It is suggested to strengthen the management of pesticide markets and improve farmers' quality and professional knowledge through training propaganda.