Quality Investigation And Cost-benefit Analysis Of Dwarf Apple Nursery Plants In Shaanxi Province

Apple seedling is the source and basics of orchard establishment,which could also affect the orchard quality.But there are so many problems in the process of seedling breeding,such as stereotyped thinkings,poor management,bad seedling quality and so on.These problems seriously hinder the healthy development of apple seedling industry,so seedling quality in Shaanxi province was surveyed in this study to help us know deeply of the situation and find practical problems to provide data support for producing seedling with high quality and make feasible suggestions for cost reduction and benefit improvement.Problems of stock-scoin combination,branching and cost-benefit were found out based on the research.Feasible suggestions were given through this study.The results are as follows:(1)The quality of apple seedlings in Shaanxi province has been greatly improved compared with the previous few years.The quality of most self-rooted rootstock apple seedlings produced by peasant household and agricultural corporation has already been above the mark,while there is still room for improvement of interstock seedlings.The proportion of grade 1 in general self-rooted rootstock nursery is 94%,and 100%in demonstration nursery,while the proportion of grade 1 in general interstock nursery is only 18%and 34%in demonstration nursery.It is obvious that the seedling quality in self-rooted rooestock nursery is better than interstock nursery.The result also shows that the standard of apple seedling,GB9847-2003 which is seted in 2003,is decoupled from reality,and it lost the function to guide production.The standard should be improved at height and diameter.The grade 1 height index of self-rooted rootstock seedling should be improved from 120cm to 150cm,the diameter index should be modified to 1.2cm,the rootstock length should be required from 15cm to 25cm and branching index should be added.As for the interstock seedling,it’s interstock length should be lower than 10cm.(2)The quality of combinations of Yanfu 3/M9-T337,Fuhong/M9-T337,Zhizun fuji/M9-T337,Fubrax/M9-T337 is better than others,and Honeycrisp/M9-T337,Chengji 1/M9-T337 is the worst.The MM106 rootstock shows enormous potential in seedling growth,while M9-T337 is better in branching.The quality of seedling which are grafted with scoin and take two yewrs to mature is better than those grafted with bud.It’s suitable to use the breeding method of two-year maturing with scoin grafting.(3)The best concentration of promalin treatment for Liquan fuji apple seedling is 1500 mg·L-1,and 1750 mg·L-1 is the best for Venus gold apple seedling.There were proper branch numbers,branch length,angles,tree height and diameter for early shaping after treated with the best level of promalin.(4)The total cost of self-rooted rootstock nursery is higher than interstock nursery,the net profit of self-rooted rootstock nursery which is well managed is higher than interstock nursery too.The cost of one self-rooted rootstock seedling is about 12 yuan,which is three times than that of interstock seedling,the net profit of one self-rooted rootstock seedling is also higher than interstock nursery.The land resource is relatively rational allocation by been used to grow apple seedling.