Investigation On Resources Of Campanula In Sichuan And Studies On Its Genetic Diversity And Introduction

The genus Campanula L.includes approximately 600 species,which are widely distributed in subtropical zones of the northern hemisphere.There are 19 species of Campanula distributed in China,and Sichuan province is one of the main distributing centers.And most of them have great ornamental value,which can be used in landscape.However,the research on campanula are still in its infancy in china,most of them are still leaved in wild without sufficient researches.Climate change and human activities will seriously threaten the survival of Campanula.Therefore,it is urgent to investigate the distribution and survival status of the Campanula plant resources.Based on the herbarium information,from July to August,2015,the author investigated the distribution and survival status of the Campanula in Kangding,and from June to July,2016,the distribution and survival status of the Campanula in kangding,daocheng,xiangcheng,chengkou were been investigated.On the basis of field investigation,the protection and landscape application of Campanula are discussed.The micro morphological features of the seeds and genetic diversity of 7species of Campanula were studied.At the same time,a preliminary study was carried out on the introduction and cultivation of Campanula.The main results are as follows:1?Totally,7 species of Campanula were founded in Sichuan,which named C.colorata,C.cana,C.punctata,C.aristata,C.modesta,C.crenulata and C.calcicola.The growth rate of the 7 species was less and more concentrated,and the distribution point was much less than the data recorded in the data of specimens.The Campanula grow at high altitude,and easy interfered by human beings and domestic animal.So the protection measures should be carried by on-site conservation,nationwide participation and broaden the research field.In addition,Campanula also has a very good prospect in landscape application,it can be used to create in the flower beds and lawn ornament glasses,and create a road,roof garden landscape and create natural ecological plant communities.2?The scanning electron microscopy(SEM)of seeds of 7 species result indicated that it is difficult to identify the C.colorata,C.cana and C.canescens because of they have very similar shape and texture.The C.crenulata,C.chinensis and C.aristata have difference seed shape and surface characteristics,and relatively easy to distinguish each other.While the seeds of C.modesta are spherical and their meshy surface texture,it can be easily separated from the other six species.3 ? The genetic diversity of 7 species in campanula were studied by using inter-simple sequence repeat molecular markers(ISSR).The result shows that 28 of the 40 primers can be amplified clear bands.All the 28 ISSR primers amplified 161 bands,and the proportion of polymorphic fragment was 98.81%.The value of genetic similarity(GS)indexes of 7 species based on the ISSR data varied from 0.466~0.950,the highest genetic similarity was 0.950 between C.aristata and C.modesta,which indicated that they have closely relative relationship.Cluster analysis showed that all the accessions could be divided into four groups.C.colorata,C.cana and C.calcicola clusterd into the first group,C.calcicola clusterd into the second group,C.crenulata clusterd into third group,the last group contain C.aristata and C.modesta.4 ? The introducing of C.colorata shows that it can adopt to the local environmental conditions of Nanchong,and experienced germination stage,leaf stage,bud stage,flowering stage and late flowering stage.However,the plant died in large numbers and failed to harvest the seeds.In addition,due to the great differences in environmental conditions,the flowering time of ahead nearly two months of time than the place of origin.In conclusion,these results provided a reference to the classification,germplasm resources preservation,introduction and commercial cultivation of the wild campanula.