| Driven by the strategy of potato staple food,the demand for specialty varieties such as processing and colored potatoes has increased.In recent years,in order to breed new potato varieties with good quality,high yield,high resistance and strong adaptability,according to the matching principle of large difference of ecotype,trait complementary between parents,we used the potato materials;YSP-4','2027' and 'MIN-021' introduced from America,and the domestic potato varieties 'Longshu No.7' and 'HeiMei' as parents,combined hybrid combinations 'YSP-4 x MIN-021','2027 x HeiMei' and 'YSP-4 × Longshu No.7',obtained hybrid F1 segregation population by emasculation,bagging and artificial pollination.Then using the F1 population and their parents as materials,selected excellent clonal plants in line with breeding goals under the conditions of gauze shed cultivation,and successfully cultivated seven excellently new strains A4,A8,A21,B5,B7,B10 and C2.In the present study,we emphatically analyzed the growth characteristics,yield and nutritional quality,the characteristics of PMCMI chromosome pairing and SSR fingerprint of potato new strains.The main results are as follows:1.In this study,seven excellently new strains A4,A8,A21,B5,B7,B10 and C2 were selected from hybrids F,segregation population of three hybrid combinations 'YSP-4 x MIN-021','2027 x HeiMei' and 'YSP-4 × Longshu No.7'.Of which A4 is a granules processing new strain,B7 and B10 are color potatoes new strains,and others are fresh new strains.2.The growth period of new strains ranged from 85 to 113 d,the strain B10 was mid-early matured,the strain C2 was late-matured,other five new strains were mid-matured.All the seven new strains had shallow eye,concentrated and tidy tubers,with more than 1 kg of the average yield and 81%of the commodity potato rate.3.The fertile pollen rate of the seven new strains A4,A8,A21,B5,B7,B10 and C2 ranged from 48.82%to 87.69%.The chromosome pairing configuration of the new strains were 6.57?+9.66?+5.06?+1.74?,5.38?+8.98?+4.63?+2.69?,4.05?+15.54?+ 2.12?+1.63?,4.55?+ 12.12?+2.39?+ 3.01?,1.93?+11.52? + 2.0?+4.26?,4.37?+9.97?+3.19?+3.53? and 6.08?+7.6?+3.4?+4.13?,respectively.4.The genetic distance(GD)of new strains and their parents ranged from 0.2 to 0.588.Based on the GD value of 0.4,12 potato materials were classified into 5 categories:the strains A4,A8,A21 and 'YSP-4'as a category;B5,'2027' as a category;B7,B10 and'HeiMei' as a category;C2 and 'Longshu No.7' as a category;and 'MIN-021' as a single category.5.In this study,10 SSR suitable primers were screened to amplify 101 SSR polymorphic bands,and the polymorphic rate was 82.11%.The SSR fingerprint map of the parents and their hybrid new strains were established,which provided the molecular basis for breeding new potato varieties in the future. |
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