| Floods have both attributes of disasters and benefits.On the one hand,in the common natural disasters,floods occur the most times,have the widest range,and have the largest accumulated losses.On the other hand,with the growth of population,the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standards,people's demand for water is increasing day by day.After the floodwaters stored in the reservoir project can achieve water supply,power generation,irrigation,shipping and other beneficial purposes.As a new concept of flood control,“Flood Resources” is an effective way to increase the utilization of flood water resources on the premise of guaranteeing flood control security.The dynamic control of water level during the flood season is a concrete practice of the idea of flood control and flood control,and it is related to the fixed control based on design limit water level.It is based on the premise of not reducing the flood control standard of the reservoir and using the rainfall forecast and flood forecast information for the reservoir.The operating water level in the flood season is dynamically floated.The flood season water level control and utilization mode can make full use of the capacity of the reservoir to adjust storage capacity.On the one hand,it can increase flood control capacity of reservoirs,stop peaks and cut peaks,and reduce flood losses in the downstream;on the other hand,it can use reservoir water supply,power generation,irrigation and other benefits to reduce flood seasons.Abandon water to increase the utilization of flood resources.In order to improve the flood control benefits and benefits of the reservoir.The basic theory and method for the dynamic control of water level in flood season have become more and more perfect.However,the quantitative calculation and evaluation methods for the benefits of dynamic control are relatively simple and extensive,and a complete and practical scientific method has not yet been formed.Therefore,this article has done some researches on the benefit calculation and evaluation methods for dynamic control of water level in the flood season of Bikou Reservoir.The main contents and results include:1.Study on dynamic control field of water level in main flood season of Bikou reservoir.Based on the calculation method of the upper and lower limits of the dynamic range of the flood stage water level and the analysis of its applicable conditions,combined with the analysis of the availability of the rainfall forecast and flood forecast information of the Bikou Reservoir and its downstream flood control standards and reservoir discharge capacity,the improvements were selected.The pre-storage and pre-evacuation method is used to calculate the dynamic control domain of the main flood stage of the Bikou reservoir as a basis for analysis of the flood control benefits and benefits.2.Study on the Index System of Dynamic Control Flood Control Benefit Assessment in Reservoir Flood Season Water Level.In the analysis of the dynamic control of flood control benefits in the flood stage of reservoirs,the index system of flood control benefit analysis was established based on the principles of conciseness,independence,and practicality.The indicators are selected from two perspectives.First,from the perspective of the role of reservoir flood control,the duration of peak operation,the maximum water level before the dam,the maximum discharge flow,the duration of the ultra-safety discharge,the duration of the ultra-safety discharge,and the high water level of the downstream river are selected.As an assessment indicator,the second is to select flood losses that can be reduced or exempted as an assessment indicator from the perspective of flood damage and loss.3.Analysis and evaluation of dynamic control flood control benefit of water level in main flood season of Bikou Reservoir.Select the frequency method and the actual flood method to calculate the value of each flood control benefit evaluation index of Bikou Reservoir and analyze its flood control benefits.The design method of flood frequency selection of Bikou Reservoir with frequency of 0.01%,0.05%,0.2%,1%,and 2% was used to calculate the flood control indicators.The actual flooding method is to select and record the actually occurring disaster flood process in the reservoir to analyze and calculate the flood prevention benefit index.The results show that the implementation of the dynamic control of water level during flood season in Bikou Reservoir can improve the flood control capacity of the reservoir.The specific manifestations include improving the peak shaving rate,reducing the maximum dam front water level,reducing the maximum discharge flow,and reducing the impact of downstream floods.4.Study on the index system for assessing benefit benefit of dynamic control of flood stage water level.Benefits are divided into direct benefits and indirect benefits.The direct benefit indicators are the sales of water in the reservoir during the flood season and the increased sales of water sales revenue;and the indirect benefit indicators are the social output value of the added water supply and the increased social output value of electricity generation.5.Analysis and evaluation of benefit benefit of dynamic control of water level in main flood season of Bikou Reservoir.Based on the actual conditions of the Bikou Reservoir,the 35-year long storage data of the Bikou Reservoir from 1976 to 2011 was used for long-range method adjustment calculations.The results showed that the implementation of the dynamic control of the water level during the flood season was less than the annual average reduction of the original design limit water level control.Water is 86.866 million m3,and the average annual increase in power generation is 37 million kwh.The direct and indirect benefits of water supply and power generation,which are selected from typical years to obtain the dynamic control of the reservoir during the flood season,are mainly manifested in the flat water year and dry year.Then,according to the average annual increase of power generation and the annual average reduction of water discharge capacity of Bikou Reservoir,the calculation of the dynamic control of the water level of Bikou Reservoir during the flood season has increased the annual direct sales revenue of 5.476 million yuan(the Bikou Reservoir has no water supply task).Using the shadow price method,the industrial-agricultural loss method,and the most equivalent alternative method,the social average output value of the power generation increase for the implementation of dynamic control in Bikou Reservoir was calculated to be RMB 12.802 million.The results show that the direct and indirect benefits of the dynamic control of the water level in the Bikou Reservoir during the flood season are significant. |
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