Study On Water Resources Vulnerability In Suzhou City

The economy of Suzhou has been a rapid development since the reform and opening-up policy.Then the urban and town population is increased sharply,and the demand for water resources is also growing.At the same time,urban infrastructure facilities construction still need to be improved.It is the lack of the sewage treatment facility that the sewage cannot be effectively treated.Severe water pollution has exacerbated water shortages,which hinder the sustainable development in the urban and country seriously.Suzhou is one of the listed cities of water shortage in China.Water resource vulnerability is an important part of the water environment risk management,the scientific evaluation of water resource vulnerability for Suzhou has the positive effect on the effective management of water environment risk,the perfect management policy and the comprehensive,coordinated and sustainable development of Suzhou City.Based on the research of the domestic and overseas,the research content and the clear research idea were formulated and the resource vulnerability evaluation methods on Suzhou water resource were built.Through reading the relevant literature and information,it makes the preliminary judgment for the economy,population and water resource status of Suzhou City,and carries out the analysis for the obvious affecting factors of the water resource vulnerability of Suzhou.Therefore,it screens out 22 evaluation indexes according to the index system construction principle,constructs the evaluation index system of Suzhou water resource vulnerability on the base of the “Pressure-State-Response” conceptual model(PSR),it confirms the relative important degree of each evaluation index by adopting the variation coefficient method and the improved entropy method,it evaluates the water resource vulnerability by the fuzzy matter-element method and verifies the evaluation result by the comprehensive index method,through calculating the contribution rate of the water resource vulnerability for each index to recognize the main factors,which have the impact on the water resource vulnerability.According to the evaluation results,it carries out the evaluation and analysis for the water resource overall vulnerability status,the vulnerability reasons and the annual changing trend of vulnerability among 2005~2015,and at last it provides the effective suggestions of the water resource management for the government.The main researched conclusion is shown as below:(1)Base of the “Pressure-State-Response” conceptual model(PSR),this thesis constructs the evaluation index system of Suzhou water resource vulnerability,which total includes 22 evaluation indexes.(2)It makes the evaluation for the Suzhou water resource vulnerability among 2005~2015 by the fuzzy matter-element method.Water resource vulnerability is totally divided into five levels,which are seperately extreme fragility,serious fragility,medium fragility,relative fragility and mild fragility.In 2005~2006,water resource was shown as extreme fragility;in 2007~2009,water resource was shown as serious fragility,in 2010~2015,water resource was shown as relative fragility.They are quite clear that water resource vulnerability of Suzhou City is decreased gradually in these 11 years,which show that the water source status also become better constantly,although they still exist the vulnerability.(3)It carries out the calculation for the water resource vulnerability by adopting the comprehensive index method,and verifies the evaluation result by the fuzzy matter-element method,the compared result shows that both of them are consistent in general,it also can be said that the water resource of Suzhou City becomes better gradually,which accords with the actual situation,it can be shown that the index system is suitable for the research of the water resource of Suzhou City.(4)It implements the analysis for the main factors which can impact on the water resource vulnerability of Suzhou City by calculating the contribution rate of the water resource vulnerability of each index.In 2005~2009,water resource vulnerability of Suzhou City was shown a very strong vulnerability,which is mainly caused from the lower level of R&D appropriation expenditure,the smaller proportion of the pollution treatment investment and the pressure of the water resource from the industrial production.With the government pays more and more attention to the environment,the R&D appropriation expenditure and the financial input of the pollution treatment are increased constantly,which let the utilization efficiency of water resource is increased and the producing waste water is reduced in the industrial production process,and at the same time the government accelerates the strength of the sewage treatment,so the water target rate is enhanced and the water resource vulnerability is reduced.In 2010~2015,water resource vulnerability is relative low,through the analysis of the contribution rate,it can be seen that the water resource vulnerability in that stage is mainly impacted by the population factor,agricultural production factor and weather factor,which include the density of population,the proportion of the urban and town population,per capita daily domestic water consumption,the average water consumption of agricultural irrigation,the proportion of rainfall in flood season(May~September)and others.(5)Base on the current situation of Suzhou water resource development and utilization,according to the evaluation result of the water resource vulnerability,it combines with the “Pressure-State-Response” model,aims at realizing the reasonable allocation and high efficient utilization of water resource,explores the water resource management mode of Suzhou City on the basis of water resource vulnerability.