Application Of Safetyevaluation Method In Metal Lithum Production

As a silvery white light metal,the lithium metal contains great market prospects.Its auxiliary products,such as lithium batteries,lithiumaluminum alloy and lithium silicon alloy,are widely used and promotedinclean-energy automobiles,aeronautical and space technologies and pharmaceutical intermediate,making the future construction of lithium industry stepped into a new development peak period.During in the production of lithium metal,the electrolysis and the matching chlorine absorption technology were employed which involved in the hazardous materials(such as strong acid and alkali)and security risk(high temperature and pressure).Once the production system combusted or exploded,not only the employees were susceptible to hurt also the regional environment were contaminated,resulting in the secondary accidents(e.g.hurt of nearby inhabitants and ecosystem destruction).In this study,the system safety evaluation method was used to explore the main production technology of lithium metal.According to the safety analysis results of production facility,combined with national standard of GB/T13861-2009 and GB6441-1986,the risk factors of lithium production line were determined which including fire disaster,explosion,and toxicosis.The danger degrees of explosion and toxicosis were classified as III-IV by preliminary hazard analysis method.According to the danger grade analysis,the electrolysis process has a risk grade of I while the absorption unit has a risk grade of II.After estimating the influence area of poison gases,it concluded that the people within 23.67 m around chlorine main pipe died within 10 minutes after inhaling of chlorine.The death distance of people within 1hour after inhaling chlorine is approximate 126.96 m,and the range causing serious disease in an hour is about 172.30 m.By using fault tree analysis,the electrolytic tank leakage events were mainly attributed to the burning through of side steel shell of electrolytic tank.The false brought of tools,materials,and illegal things into electrolytic tank resulted in the explosion of electrolytic tank.This study suggests the important guidance for the management of lithium safe production and accident prevention,and shows substantial significance for improving the safety level of production line.