The Margin System Of Mine Environment Improvement And Recovery

Along with the growth of economic society in China,demand for mineral resources increases sharply and mining enterprises began to exploit at the cost of environment.As a result,issue of environmental pollution is gradually serious.To change this exploitation model,deposit system of mine-environment improvement and recovery is introduced by China with major idea that economic leverage can be utilized better by administrative means to stimulate mining enterprises and further to internalize cost for mine-environment management and restoration and consequently to change enterprises' practice that “only making pollution but neglecting management”.According to analysis on concept,connotation and characteristics of deposit of mine-environment improvement and recovery,it is not hard to find that many provinces and cities apply the principle of “enterprise possession,government regulation and special margin for special purpose”,ultimately aimed at forcing enterprises to incorporate cost of environmental management into total expense of mineral exploitation by administrative means.However,the intervention of administrative means must be based on laws.It has been over 20 years since 1990 s when the Margin system of mine-environment improvement and recovery appeared in China.From initial pilot exploration of several provinces to issuance of Mine Geological Environment Protection Regulation,although it officially ensured the position of deposit of mine-environment improvement and recovery in the form of regulation,there still have many problems like legislative system sluggish,unscientific collection of deposit,single deposit type,unreasonable supervision system,lack of public participation and easy to generate power rent-seeking.We can learn from the deposit system of mine-environment improvement and recovery issued by developed countries of mining like the USA,Canada and Australia as follows: In terms of legislation model,mode of coordinating national and local legislation can be applied to change the thought of sole legislative structure;improvement and recovery plan is integrated into examination and approval work and substantial approval is taken to replace formal approval;fund of abandoned mine improvement and recovery is built to accelerate the management and restoration of mine;public participation should be enlarged and the public should be organized to establish monitoring group;scientific and technological level and method should be improved and the most advanced model and technological means should be utilized to increase the efficiency of management and restoration for mine environment.According to our real condition and valuable experience learned from foreign countries,it should perfect the deposit system of mine-environment improvement and recovery for China in following aspects: Legislation system of the deposit should be improved;scientific charging standard should be built up;review and return process should be completed;capital pressure for enterprises should be alleviated and deposit types should be diversified;competent departments responsible for deposit of mine-environment management and restoration should be unified;public participation should be intensified.