Investigations In Development Of Pear Industry In Yancheng And Studies On New Techniques In Pear Planting

Pear industry is an important industry of Yancheng in enriching farmers and promoting rural economy. Current situation and development tendency in pear industry development, pear garden mechanization, pear fruit pakage and pear garden tourism in Yancheng were investigated in detail. Topics on pear variety introduction and fruit bagging were studied.Pear industry plays an important role in agriculture industry adjustment, developing modern agriculture, increasing efficiency and farmer’ income in Yancheng. With regard to problems in development of pear industry, and base on pear industry development tendency and pear market needs, corresponding countermeasures, measures and suggestions were put forward:aiming at development goals, give full play to the advantages of pear industry, establish and perfect the management system and technology service system, promote industrialization, extend the industrial chain, strengthen industry-university-research cooperation, guide the pear industry to develop in the direction of industrialization and high-efficiency, increase pear industry "variety, quality, brand" effect, realize the promotion of economic, social and ecological benefits.It was effective in saving labor time, reducing labor intensity, reducing cost and promoting efficiency where machinery replacing manual work. With regard to the situation where mechanization started late, application range not wide, practical machinery less, skilled operator shortage, combination between agriculture and agricultural machinery should be promoted through the way of developing simple machinery, training and guidance, and machinery purchase subsidy.Initial progress was achieved in pear packaging development and application, a variety of fruit bags showed obvious effect. Problems in pear fruit package including type singleness, low grade, incomplete logo, and short of brand publicity still existed. So, on the basis of good varieties complete cultivation techniques, it is worthy to attach importance to post-processing, develop pear packaging, implement the "famous pear, brand packaging," extrude specific packaging, promote pear trade, and adapt to the changes of consumption concept, manner, and value.Scaffolding pear garden rural tourism added new content to the development of pear industry, promoted new countryside construction, agricultural structure adjustment, income increase for farmers, promote the urban and rural harmony, and urbanization construction. For the fact of late scaffolding pear garden tourism, unreasonable layout, incomplete supporting facilities, low operation and management level and lack of professional service staff, etc., function of scaffolding pear garden tourism and increase of benefit were influenced. Efforts should be done in policy support, scientific planning, rational layout, product development, brand shaping, talent training, management, urban and rural combination, etc., to make scaffolding pear garden an important part of modern ecological tourism.In order to further determine the appropriate pear varieties,42 pear varieties (or lines) were introducted and more than 10 pilot fields were built, phenophase, fruit economic characters, growth habits, fruit set habits, yield, economic benefit, adaptability and resistance, etc. were studied. Varieties suitable in Yancheng to plant in large area were: whangkeumbae, yuanhuang, sulong Ⅱ, kousui, housui, shingo, love sweet, golden 20 century, atago, ganchu, huashan, xiuyu, xinshui, and so on. In the respect of variety arrangement, early maturity varieties love sweet、golden sulong Ⅱ for example should take up the major proportion, late maturiy varieties such as ganchu、shingo、atago should also be taken into account. Supporting cultivation techniques were put forward:choosing fine breeding, providing pollinating trees, strengthening nutrient and water management, reasonable trimming, flowering and fruiting management (artificial pollination, releasing honeybee, applying borax and multi-effect azole, blossom and fruit thinning, fruit bagging, et al.), setting anti-bird net, standard operation in control of disease and pests, timing harvest and reasonable packaging.Though the study on pear bagging effect, fruit bag type, bagging time and bagging techniques suitable to different varieties were raised. Fruit bags made in wood pulp having double layers and double colors showed the best effect in Yancheng.When fruit were covered, the hole for air and water penetrating at the bottom of the bags should be opened. Yang fruit should be held in the middle of the bag whose mouth should be tightened. It was better to bag early, and should be finish in 7 days from fruit setting. It was reasonable to made 6000～8000 bags every667m2.