| After the war of resistance against Japan,the Kuomintang in all respects is in a dominant position.But in less than four years, Kuomintang declined rapidly,the speed is so fast that people have to ponder the root cause of its failure. KMT’ failure is no lack of political, military and economic reasons, But its failure is associated with the public opinion of press can not be ignored. Therefore, the research on national government’s construction of public opinion after the anti-Japanese war appears to be particularly important.According to the Marx and Engels "Newspaper is as booknotes of public opinion in circulation", so this paper mainly through" Central Daily "on the reports of military, economic and social fields events after the victory of the anti-Japanese war, analysis o the reported frequency, reported theme and framework, the type of reports, the source of the reports and the tone of the reports,to further analysis the National government’s public opinion construction and the effct of party ruling.At the same time, put "Liberation Daily"and "Ta Kung Pao" in the comparative framework, through three newspaper reports on the same event, analysis different media reporting tendency and the influence of tendency on the party ruling.The main body of the article include three portions.The first section is about the background introduction on post-war political, military, economic, and social fields, let the readers have a clear understanding on the social environment; select the military field of Shangdang campaign and the battle of Central Jiangsu (take the "Liberation Daily" into account, so choose the two battles),the economic reform and the social field of Peking"Seven Five"Massacre, through three newspapers of the three types of events reported, "Central Daily" tries to maintain the national government’s rule, the "Liberation Daily" tries to expose the hypocrisy face of Kuomintang, "Ta Kung Pao" concerned on the social and livelihood. The reporting tendency of "Central Daily"and the "Liberation Daily" also had an impact on the party ruling, the Kuomintang gradually lose public mind.The second chapter is mainly about the content analysis of selected three types of reports. "Central Daily" as the official newspaper of the Kuomintang, maintain the image of the government, withheld the adverse events report of the Kuomintang; the "Liberation Daily" as a Communist Party newspaper, give tit for tat to the "Central Daily"when reported, reported the information that the "Central Daily" didn’t report and people need to be told; "Ta Kung Pao" as a delegate of neutral newspapers. In the early days of the Anti-Japanese war, "Ta Kung Pao" concerns the interests of the parties, in tune with the Kuomintang, after the outbreak of the civil war,it gradually pay attention to social effect, views tend to be fair. In the face of national peril, reports have vast propaganda ingredients can inspire the soldier’s morale, defeat the enemy, But after the lifting of the national crisis, people are more willing to hear the voice of truth, this moment communication will replace the propaganda.The third chapter tells the different personnel structure of "Central Daily"and"Liberation Daily", the relationship between the main leaders and newspaper,to analysis the reason leading to the the political fate of the Kuomintang and the Communist party. Chiang Kai-shek’s strict control on the "Central Daily", make the "Central Daily" gradually deviated from the masses, become the KMT’s self microphone, the credibility gradualiy decline. And Mao Zedong’s concern on the "Liberation Daily" is different from Chiang Kai-shek’s control, Mao not only led the "Liberation Daily" revision, but also pay attention to the quality of the manuscript, he often help the "Liberation Daily" in emergency, the manuscript is not enough, he also personally writing revising.The relationship between the two main leaders and newspaper, has a direct impact on the newspapers, and the different construction of public opinion also affected the Kuomintang and the Communist Party’s political fortunes."Central Daily" tries to avoid the adverse reports to the Kuomintang, not report or place adverse reports placed in inconspicuous position;keep on reporting favorable reports about the Kuomintang, maintain the frequency of one or two articles a day. "Liberation Daily" reported in a certain range, neither over reports, nor to dissipate the heat. As the Communist Party’s official newspaper, in the report it will give tit for tat to the "Central Daily", so in some military reports we can often see, "Central Daily", "Liberation Daily" reported the same events but meanings exactly the opposite. "Ta Kung Pao" as a delegate of neutral newspapers, after the war of resistance against Japan,before the full-scale civil war broke out, views relatively bias to the Kuomintang,.But with the outbreak of the Civil War,its views gradually become objective and fair. In the reports of the monetary reform of the Kuomintang and Peking "Seven Five" Massacre,"Ta Kung Pao" gradually deviates the Kuomintang, pay more attention to the people and students. |
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