Research On Uneven Clustering Routing Protocol Based On Particle Swarm Optimization In Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Networks are comprised of a large number of cheap and miniature sensor nodes by self-organization in the monitoring area and the nodes transmit data of network cooperatively. The energy, computing ability and communication ability of sensor nodes are all extremely limited, and therefore the quality of the routing protocol is a direct impact on the overall performance of WSN, then the primary design goal of WSN routing protocols is how to realize the energy consumption minimization and the network’s survival time maximization. In this thesis, the aim of researching and designing WSN routing protocol is to extend the network’s life time.In view of the inequality problem of energy consumption in some present routing protocols, this thesis put forwards an uneven clustering routing protocol based on particle swarm optimization in wireless sensor network (PSO-UC protocol). The PSO-UC protocol this thesis put forwards considers the distance between the nodes in the cluster and the corresponding cluster head, the residual energy of the cluster heads, the distance between the cluster heads and the base station, and the distance between the cluster heads, put forwards an uneven clustering routing protocol based on particle swarm optimization. Take the four aspects into consideration, this protocol defines the corresponding fitness function, utilizes the PSO algorithm to select the cluster heads. This algorithm makes the energy consumption more equalizing, extends the life cycle of the network, makes the cluster heads selected more suitable for the requirements of routing design.Based on the studying of the multiple hops routing mechanisms at present, this thesis proposes a kind of multiple hops routing algorithm based on minimum spanning tree, considering the residual energy of sending nodes, the transmission distance, the residual energy of the receiving nodes and the load of the cluster heads, this algorithm first defines the edge weight in the network according to the residual energy of the sending nodes and the receiving nodes, and the transmission distance, then utilizes prim minimum spanning tree to form the initial routing, optimizes routing according to the load of routing nodes to form the final routing at last. Combine the clustering optimization algorithm and the multiple hops routing algorithm to form an uneven clustering routing protocol based on particle swarm optimization in wireless sensor network.In the simulation experiments, classical clustering routing protocol LEACH and uneven clustering routing protocol EEUC and an uneven clustering routing protocol based on particle swarm optimization in wireless sensor network in this thesis are compared. Experiments show that the proposed routing protocol in this thesis has significant advantages in balancing energy consumption of network, thus extends the life cycle of the network obviously.