Research On Energy Consumption Of WSN Nodes Based On Cluster Routing Optimization

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is a multi-functional monitoring system that consists of many arbitrarily placed embedded sensors that interact with each other b y sensing and collecting information about the external geographical situation.However,the internal power and power of the batteries are very limited,and the energy of the sensor nodes decreases as the number of times they can be used decreases,and these batteries are not easily replaced.The focus of this thesis is on how to effectively reduce th e energy consumption of the battery and extend the life cycle of the network while using the battery rationally.To minimize the cost of network energy consumption,this thesis mainly starts from cluster routing optimization,i.e.,node clustering,cluster head election,and routing structure,and researches extending the network life cycle and energy balance.The main work covered in this thesis is as follows.(1)The energy of the nodes themselves affects the quality of service of the whole network,and t he length of the network lifetime is the basic condition for all activities to be carried out.To address the problem of how to reduce the energy consumption of nodes,the LEACH protocol has certain shortcomings,and this thesis proposes a LEACH optimizati on algorithm based on multi-factor and dual cluster heads.Firstly,a new cluster head evaluation threshold function is proposed to determine whether a node can become a cluster head node by adding distance control factor and round energy consumption facto r as well as node concentration degree factor.Secondly,a cluster head evaluation function is set to determine whether the cluster head can become a cluster,and a second cluster head node is set to balance the task pressure of cluster head data processin g and forwarding.Finally,by adding weight factors in the data transmission process,the relay nodes are selected comprehensively and the data is forwarded by multi-hop method to complete the information interaction work in the whole network.(2)K-means clustering algorithm is introduced into the cluster routing protocol to extend the life cycle of wireless sensor networks by improving cluster formation and cluster head selection as well as optimizing the routing.In this thesis,we also propose an energy consumption research strategy based on K-means clustering and weighting factor,which changes the way of selecting cluster head first and then cluster formation,and cluster formation first and then cluster head selection.Firstly,the number of K-means clustering runs is determined dynamically by the number of surviving nodes in each round,and the election of cluster heads is improved according to the specific gravity factor.Secondly,another weighting factor is proposed in constructing the most suitabl e multi-hop path,and the optimal relay forwarding node is selected according to the cluster head node value in the corresponding range ring to achieve the optimal routing of the multi-hop path and complete the network information interaction work.(3)Both improvement strategies proposed in this thesis start from the clustering,election of cluster heads and routing,improve the way of clustering and election of cluster heads,and select the most suitable next-hop relay forwarding node to construct the best data route.By analyzing the existing cluster head formation method and the improvement and optimization algorithms of the data transmission method,this thesis analyzes the life cycle of the network from various perspectives such as the number of nodes surviving in the network and the residual energy of nodes.The advantages of the algorithm proposed in this thesis in extending the network life cycle and balancing the energy consumption of nodes are proved through the simulation and experimental verifica tion of the above model.