The Wireless Water Level Monitoring System Based On WSN And GPRS

Traditionally, the water level is measured through manual work, which is inconvenient, slowand hard for the statistical analysis of the data obtained. Concerning the problems of thetraditional water level monitoring, this paper researches into the wireless water level monitoringsystem. The wireless water level monitoring system is a complex and complete system projecttargeted at monitoring, measurement, analysis and early warning of water level variations in thenature world. The adoption of the wireless communication method for the real-time transmissionof monitoring data can greatly improve the monitoring efficiency. The wireless water levelmonitoring refers to the adoption of WSN (wireless sensor network) and GPRS (general packetradio service) to allow managing staffs to conduct remote and real-time measurement of thewater level information through the monitoring center. On the one hand, it can help managingstaffs immediately take emergent measures if the water level within the monitoring area is toohigh and avoid the occurrence of potential safety hazards; on the other hand, it can provideaccurate and effective hydrological data to the hydrological department to make the waterresources allocation more scientific and rational.The wireless water level measuring system designed by this article has the following works:(1) In order to improve the life of the wireless sensor networks, this article raise the issue ofthe relay node layout model to optimize energy efficiency between nodes. By comparing the pathloss factor and the shortest communication distance as optimization goal, the path loss factor hasobvious advantages in the layout of the relay node.(2) WSN nodes can self-organize their network. Thought the single node costs low, it hasstrong expansion ability to meet the requirement of data interaction within short-distancemonitoring scope through the wireless. Data sender and receiver should transmit data inaccordance with the user layer protocol agreed for the convenience of program development andhiding the unnecessary information. RC4encryption algorithm has advantages such as using lessmemory, encryption fast, etc. The adding of RC4encryption algorithm ensures thecommunication safety between the wireless sensor network nodes.(3) The water level central nodes conducts remote transmission of the water level datathrough GPRS. The combination of the advantages of WSN and GPRS can achieve bothshort-distance wireless communication and remote data transmission, thus greatly reducing thehardware cost.(4) The monitoring center provide not only the visual interface for the operation andmanagement of the managing staffs, but also the real-time water level display, which isconvenient for the managing staffs to read. Other functions of the monitoring center include real-time storage of the water level data to the database, checking the historical water level dataat any time, water level alarm, displaying the node distribution on the map, recording the highestwater level every day, etc.