Study On Cluster-based Stable Multipath Algorithm Routing Protocol For Lifetime Enhancement In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network (WSN) technologies have been widely used in modern life and have now become a hot research of concern at home and abroad. WSN including a large number of stationary or mobile sensor nodes collects the information of perceived objects in the network coverage area through large numbers of sensor nodes deployed in the monitoring region and periodically provides the end users with information which has been collected and processed by means of the multi-hop wireless communication method. WSNs are always deployed at a remote location where people are unable to get close and energy cannot be replaced. Wireless sensor nodes are small and battery-powered, which leads to many problems, such as limited capacity of single node processing and storage, limited communication range, and limited energy. The energy issue is the most critical. With this background, this paper studied the routing protocols in WSNs and mainly studied problems of traffic balance and energy issue.In order to better balance the energy consumption of each node on a transmitting path and prolong the network lifetime, this paper studied on cluster-based stable multipath algorithm routing protocol for lifetime enhancement in WSN. First, the WSN related knowledge was introduced. Then, two efficient methods of routing protocol proposed in this research were elaborated. On the one hand, multipath parallel transmission was implemented by using A-star algorithm or multipath method to balance the traffics and improve the throughput. On the other hand, the uneven clustering routing method was used to divide the wireless sensor nodes and improve the scalability of the network. Finally, the fuzzy inference approach was employed taking into account various factors in the data transmission process, such as the residual energy, the minimum hops and the traffic numbers of node, looking for the best path from the source node to the destination node. Simulation results showed that the proposed protocol can efficiently improve the energy of the network, balance network load and prolong the survival time of the network.