Study On Routing Algorithms Of Wireless Sensor Networks Based On Data Fusion

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is a new emerging interdisciplinary research field, whichmerges sensor technology, computer technology and wireless communication technology and soon. WSN has the characteristics of limited energy, lots of nodes and data redundancy, so how toreduce data traffic, the energy consumption for WSN, improve data accuracy and transmissionefficiency is an important challenge for the research of WSN. Data fusion technology could reducedata redundancy, increase the data collecting efficiency and reduce traffic, save energy, enhancedata accuracy and get comprehensive information. This makes data fusion technology is currentlyoneoftheimportantsubject inWSNresearch.With the support of National Natural Science Foundation, based on the tungsten tailingspound safety monitoring system, combining the advantage of data fusion and routing protocols,this paper proposes a Heterogeneous Energy Balancing routing protocol base on data fusion.Themainworkis as follows:(1) The research status of WSN and data fusion technology was reviewed in this paper. Byanalyzing and comparing typical routing structure, it is found that hierarchical routing structure hascharacteristic of fast reaction rate, good extension, easy management, conductive to the applicationof distributed algorithm and suitable for large-scale network data fusion. According to the analysisof LEACH routing protocol, the paper points out the inefficiency of LEACH and clusterdistribution, the number of cluster heads, the way of Cluster head selection, the ability and methodofdata fusionon ClusterheadswillaffectthenetworkperformanceofWSN.(2) For fusion algorithm, this paper proposed a hierarchical data fusion scheme, including thelower level data fusion and the high level data fusion.The first one uses Grubbs criterion andSequential Weighted algorithm, so the error data which is sent by fault nodes or malicious nodescould be eliminated, even the data could be weighted fusion. The second one based on BP neuralnetwork solves the problem that saturation line is difficult to be monitored for tungsten tailingspound safety monitoring system. Compared with Average algorithm, Gaussian Weightingalgorithm, and simulation simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is more efficient andgetsmoreaccurateinformation.(3) For routing algorithm, in this paper, aiming at the shortage of LEACH routing protocol,we improved LEACH routing protocol and proposed Heterogeneous Energy Balancing (HEB) routing protocol. It optimizes the number of cluster nodes, the choices of cluster nodes and datatransmission path, and makes the selection of cluster heads and data transmission path are morereasonableandtheenergyconsumption ofnetworkmorebalanced.(4) Finally, combined fusion algorithm with Heterogeneous Energy Balancing (HEB) routingprotocol, compared with the LEACH, DEEC and SEP, the simulation results show that theproposed data fusion technology is more effective, especially in energy consumption, life cycle ofanodeand thetotalnumberofinformation which sinknodehasreceived.