An Improved LEACH Routing Protocol And Data Fusion Algorithm

Nowadays with the rapid development of electronic technology, wireless communication, embedded technology, the nodes with low-cost, low energy consumption, and multi-functional emerges and wireless sensor network technology is being paid widely attention in environmental monitoring, industry, medicine and other aspects and has been one of hot topics in the field of information research. Wireless sensor network is composed of randomly distributed nodes in monitoring region and the nodes form the network by self-organized. The energy supply, bandwidth, computation ability of nodes in WSN are very limited, which is different from traditional networks. Since the wireless sensor nodes in the network are deployed densely, the data collected by adjacent nodes have high similarity.Therefore the network will consume more energy to transmit redundant data.Energy consumption in wireless sensor network are used mainly in the process of transmission data and data fusion algorithm can reduce the amount of data transferred in the network, Data fusion not only reduces the energy consumption of the network, but also increases the transmission efficiency of data.Firstly, the paper describes the concept, characteristics and key technology of wireless sensor network. We analyze the traditional data fusion algorithm, including the advantages and disadvantages.Secondly, we detail traditional LEACH algorithm, improve the deficiencies of the traditional LEACH algorithm and propose the idea of grid partitioning, the cluster head is chosen from the nodes in the same grid based on their available energy, When a node has packets to transmit, in order to save energy the node compare the distance from the node to the cluster head with the distance from the node to its adjacent node, and then determine if the packet is forwarded to the cluster head directly or to a adjacent node to relay.Once more, a hierarchical data fusion algorithm is proposed, in which abnormal data are monitored in the node, so improving the accuracy of data fusion,the father node adopts the method of principal component analysis, reducing the amount of data. Simulation results show that the algorithm reduced the energy consumption while improving the accuracy of data fusion.Finally, we make a summary of the paper and propose new research with expectation.