The Research And Design Of The Wireless Monitoring System Of Facilities Along The Railway

Railway bridges, tunnels, road crossing facilities are important rail infrastructure. Afterthese facilities put into used, the properties of these materials aged with the passage of time. Atthe same time, these facilities are eroded for a long time by the nature environment and damagedby the natural disasters, such as earthquakes, floods and so on. The impact of human and otheruncertainties combined with a lot of flawed in the design resulting in degradation in the safetyperformance of these device. All these factors threat the safety of the railway seriously, and themonitoring of the facilities along the railway become an extremely important and urgent task.In the middle of the20th century, foreign countries have begun monitoring the safety ofthe important facilities along vital communication line, and gradually carried out the monitoringstudy of railway facilities. Early monitoring of the railway facilities used artificial means, itwas a heavy workload with inefficient and subjectivity and some another problems. With theadvance in sensor technology development and communication technologies, wired sensornetwork was replacing the manual operations gradually. It referred the efficiency and thereliability of monitoring results. However, there were also many difficulties in wired sensor.For example, it was difficult in wiring, the maintenance and overhaul work load and cost toomuch. The rise and development of emerging wireless sensor network technologies effectivelysolve the above problems.The new generation of wireless sensor network technology came with the development ofsensing technology, wireless communication and integrated circuits. It combined withdistributed information processing technology, embedded computing and embedded systemtechnology, and it can not only to monitor the monitoring area in time, but also can ad hocnetworks due to the different requirements. The variety of data will be collected and transitedeffectively. The wires sensor network technology is widely used in environment military,industrial and medical because of the advantages such as efficiency and convenience.The wireless sensor network technology for monitoring railway facilities becomes a newdirection of the railway meriting. According to the characteristics and needs of railway safetymonitoring and combined with the existing railway monitoring technology and methods, thispaper proposed to design a wireless sensor network based monitoring system for railwayfacilities. The system access the security monitoring of various facilities and the correspondingdata processing unified to the communicating network. It is protecting the safety of railway bygreatly improving the network utilization efficiency and reducing the communication cost.This paper describes the wireless sensor network technology and its development detail.And then analyzes the function of railway facilities wireless monitoring system and gives thedesign principles and concepts of it. According to the data collection requirements of different monitoring facilities and the characteristics of the environment and the signal acquisition, thispaper focus on monitoring the temperature of the track, monitoring of bridges, monitoring ofthe fire of tunnels, and doing some works with the design of hardware and software. Besides,this paper also researches the design of PC software based on VC, improves the wholefunctions of system.It maintains the safe operation of the railway, supports the economicdevelopment of the country and protects the property and lives of people.