Research On Livelihood Reconstruction Of Impoverished People Where Natural Disasters Frequently Occurred

The natural disasters, especially the geological disasters frequently occurred in southwest China in recent years, thus bringing enormous damage to the local residents and survival pressure and leaving a large number of people living in poverty. This essay takes Weichuan County as the research subject and conducts an analysis of the predicament on livelihood reconstruction of impoverished people and the factors behind poverty in the light of natural disasters in Wenchuan and the circumstances of people living in poverty. Then the author takes research on livelihood reconstruction of impoverished people where natural disasters frequently occurred and finally has a discuss on choosing the sustainable development path by studying area positioning. The essay mainly discoursed on the following aspects:First of all, this essay introduces the background of the theme, research objective, contents and methods of research. Then the essay discusses the reviews of related theory and research status at home and abroad; It also elaborates on basic situation of research area, including natural environment, present situation of population and social economic development level.Secondly, the essay details on the natural disasters, livelihood reconstruction of poverty population and causes of poverty in Wenchuan. Wenchuan county is a disaster-frequently-occurred area and ecologically fragile area, as well as a poverty-stricken ethnic minority area. In this area, economic development and ecological balance restricted mutually. So does the population development and the lands resources, Natural disasters and resource development. The above-mentioned problem results in a double-strange-circle. The economic development leads to fragile ecology, which brings about frequent natural disaster, making people more impoverished. In order to reduce poverty caused by natural disaster, the economic development is launched, making the ecology more fragile. The fragile ecology invites frequent disaster, bringing about severe poverty. So the in such area, the livelihood of local people encounters great difficulty.Thirdly, the research of regional positioning determines ecosystem preservation and restoration are the key word in such areas, and the related economic and constructive development should be restricted or prohibited. Wenchuan, a place of special geographical position and rare species, is rich in natural resources and cultural heritage. She is the important nationally-protected areas of rare species, a variety of resources reserves, diverse culture-fusing area, the historical civilization heritage area and human natural tourist area. Wenchuan is also a place where the construction and exploration is restricted and prohibited in the Primary Function Area Plan in Sichuan Province.Therefore, according to the regional population capacity, the large-scale emigration of local people is the only path of livelihood reconstruction, namely ecological migration pattern. The selecting of livelihood reconstruction mode of ecological migration should overcome the disadvantages of traditional resettlement and takes the road of sustainable livelihoods development.Fourthly, to explore livelihood reconstruction of impoverished people where natural disasters frequently occurred. Considering the fragile ecology, fragile economy and society, poor subsistence condition, the author believes the government, market and society should be combined together to ensure the livelihood reconstruction in such areas. It emphasize the importance of participation of all levels of government leading, market and the necessary system which is also the important condition of sustainable livelihood reconstruction.To achieve the goal, the government, market, society and primary body of restoration should take part in the reconstruction. The system innovation should be guaranteed, in combination with poverty alleviation and development policy. We should attach great importance to the minority immigrant community culture construction, pay attention to human resources development and human capital investment, with the help of legal supervision, in order to realize sustainable livelihood reconstruction of poverty-stricken population in the natural disasters frequently-occurred areas。...