A Comparative Study On The Conception Of History Between Marx And Engels

In recent years,the influence of back to Marx"thought expanded while more and more research productions of studies of Marxism in foreign were translated into Chinese.As a result,the difference between Marx and Engels in philosophy during explaining the Historical Materialism drew attentions and sparked discussion in domestic academic.As far as I’m concerned,the comparative research of their differences on the conception of history,is the most important point to understand the relationship in philosophy between them.Marx spent his lifetime studying on the social history of mankind.He and Engels founded the theory of the Historical Materialism,then used it to look at the capitalist society.He scientific argued the creation development and demise of the western capitalism in his"Das Kapital".However,His theoretical research on the history of mankind was not limited in European society.To Marx’s old age,the new discoveries of empirical anthropology attracted him to pay more attentions to study the development of history on Oriental Societies,which was the scientific development and supplement of the Historical Materialism.Marx’s classic description about the development of human history in different periods ("The Two Necessities Theory","The principle of the Two Never","The Three Types of Social Formation","The Five Types of Social Formation" and’thought of overstepping the’Kafidin’s Capitalist Valley’")showed his improvements on conception of history.As another founder of the Historical Materialism,Engels took responsibility to spread it and criticize the misunderstanding and ideological distortion of it after the death of Marx.In the face of the new developments of capitalism and new theoretical challenges of the Historical Materialism,Engels insist the basic principle of it and developed his theory further on the conception of history.He advanced the historical "Force Theory",restated the relationship between economic basis and superstructure,did theoretical exploration on the nature and developed path of Oriental Societies.His development of conception of history made great contribution to rich the intention of the Historical Materialism.In this dissertation,I objectively discuss their conception on history separately at first.Further I integrate the front mainstream views of studies of Marxism in foreign.Then I reveal the essence of the dichotomy theory and dichotomy theory on "Marx-Engels’comparison research " and point out the defect of them.Finally I can fully analysis the difference between Marx and Engels on the conception of history by criticizing the vicious view of the foreign scholars.I’d like to reassert the significance of Marx’s Philosophical revolution,based on the research of comparative study on the conception of history between Marx and Engels. The revolution completed after the Marx and Engels founding the Historical Materialism.The theory established on dialectical inheriting the essence of heritage of traditional western philosophy.Moreover,it exceeded the stereotypes of the traditional philosophy and solved the contradiction of dualism about "being and thought".Nevertheless,it was the major flaw of the foreign scholars that they often ignored the shift in mindset bringing by the revolution when they did research on Marx and Engels philosophy comparison.Through the above discussion,the dissertation final concludes that the conception of history of Marx and Engels had inherent consistency while their expressions showed differences due to diversity of the narrative style,focus of research, actual situation and so on.Only when we establish the correct position and ideology on the comparative research of Marx and Engels, we can grasp the essence of the Marxist Philosophy-Dialectical understanding of the issue on "Marx-Engels’ philosophy comparison research " has profound implication for us to use the law of social and historical development.