The Research On Marx's View Of Practice

In the history of philosophy,there has been a long history of research on the concept of practice.From the historical evolution of the concept of practice,we can find that the different ways of thinking in different periods will lead to different definitions of the practical thoughts,thus forming different views of practice.In ancient Greece,Socrates' practice thought of goodness,Plato's practice view of idealism,and Aristotle's theory of virtue practice were formed.They all regarded practice as good behavior and virtue activity,and practice was limited within the scope of ethics,thus forming a prominent practice view of ethics and morality.In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries,Bacon's experimental view of practice and Hobbes's utilitarian view of practice existed mainly.Philosophers in this period shifted their understanding of practice from the field of ethics to the field of experimental science and the field of secularism,thus forming the old materialist view of practice based on experience.Philosophers in the period of German classical philosophy,such as Kant,Fichte and Hegel,all understood and grasped practice from the perspective of the subject spirit in the social field,thus forming a remarkable idealist view of practice.But on the whole,both ethical and moral practice and practice old materialism or idealism practice,they all understood practice as the product of man's subjective thinking in the historical field.therefore,practice can only be reduced to abstract practice,the practice of the metaphysics,one-sided practice,we can call it "the practice of philosophy".The formation of Marx's view of practice was not accomplished overnight,but experienced a changing historical development process.It has roughly experienced three main development stages:preliminary exploration stage,gradual formation stage,formal establishment and in-depth promotion.In the process of the formation of Marx's practice view,Marx critically inherited and surpassed the practice thought achievements of previous philosophers,especially absorbed the rational elements of Hegel's idealist practice view and Feuerbach's old materialist practice view,which had the greatest influence on Marx.Marx believed that we should not only understand the object world from the aspect of subject,nor only understand the object world from the aspect of object,but should combine subject and object to understand and grasp the object world in the way of practical thinking.According to Marx's view of practice,the true meaning of philosophy lies in changing the world from practice,successfully turning to the "philosophy of practice",establishing the new materialist philosophy,that is,the philosophy of practical materialism,and then realizing the philosophical revolution.The establishment of Marx's scientific view of practice marks the completion of Marx's philosophy revolution.In Marx's view,practice is the interaction of objectivity between subject and object,the unity of regularity and purpose,as well as the unity of nature and history.To view and understand the object world from practice means to understand and grasp the object world from real people and historical development.Practice is of Marx's philosophy thought axis of radiation and "shine the light of',the thinking mode of practice radiate in all aspects of the relationship between people and the world,including all aspects of the relationship between man and nature,man and society,man and man,which formed a new view of nature,history,humanism,freedom and so on.In the view of Marx's.view of practice,the relationship between man and the world is re-understood and grasped in practice.In this sense,Marx's view of practice is essentially a scientific view of practice with the significance of world outlook.As a brand-new world outlook,Marx's view of practice has achieved a revolutionary change in all fields of human beings and the world,which is fundamental,comprehensive and thorough.This paper aims to understand and grasp Marx's practice view by explaining the important contents and significance of four aspects of Marx's practical view of nature,practical view of history,practical view of human science and practical view of freedom,and reflect the revolutionary significance of Marx's practice view and the comprehensiveness and thoroughness of Marx's philosophy revolution.Firstly,the view of nature is the starting point for the formation of Marx's view of practice.It is based on the analysis of the relationship between man and nature that Marx gradually established his scientific view of practice.Marx believed that nature is not the product of absolute spirit,nor is it irrelevant to human.Based on practice,Marx understood nature from practice.Nature is essentially humanized nature and historical nature closely connected with human beings,thus forming a practical view of nature.Through the elaboration of the practical view of nature,this paper can not only understand the revolutionary change of Marx's view of nature,but also realize the great significance of Marx's view of practice.Secondly,history is practical in nature,practice not only produces history,but also makes history,and history is nothing more than the activity of people pursuing their own goals,Marx believed that history should not be regarded as a natural historical process purely from the perspective of object mode of thinking,nor should history be regarded as the product of spirit purely from the perspective of subjective thinking.Marx's practical view of history understands the history of human society from practice.History is not only regular,but also purposeful.History is a unified process of regularity and purposefulness,which forms a scientific and reasonable view of history.Under the perspective of Marx's practical historical view,the generation,development and law of history all embody the characteristics of practice.Only by understanding history from practice can history be reasonably explained and stated.Thirdly,practice is man's practice,and man is man of practice.Marx's practice view and human theory interact and are closely linked.Marx not only established a scientific view of practice through the explanation of human thoughts,but also formed a correct understanding of human beings based on practice and from the practical way of thinking.Philosophers before Marx were limited by their one-sided way of thinking,which made human beings become either speculative human beings or abstract human beings.Marx's practical view of human studies examines and investigates human beings in an all-round way from practice,so that human beings become real human beings,and thus forms a brand-new and scientific view of human studies.Fourthly,this paper interprets Marx's view of practice and view of freedom together,because Marx's view of practice and view of freedom are not separate external relations,but internal relations that.contain each other.Human's free and all-round development is the main line and ultimate value in Marx's view of practice,and the realization of this ultimate goal can not be separated from practice.The process of practice is also the process of man's pursuit of freedom,and the activity of man's pursuit of freedom is also man's practice.Relating Marx's view of practice with his view of freedom can not only understand the revolutionary significance of Marx's view of freedom in practice,but also help to understand the revolutionary change of Marx's view of practice.According to the above analysis and interpretation of Marx's view of practice,this paper finally gets some enlightenment or warning from it.Firstly,we should promote the standardized development of practice;Secondly,we should deal with the relationship between people and nature well in practice,and promote the harmonious coexistence of human and nature.Thirdly,we should deal with the relationship between people and society well in practice,and promote the harmony and unity between the people and the society.Fourthly,we should handle the relationship between people and people well in practice,promote harmony and equality among people,and finally realize the free and all-round development of people.