Study On Pronouns In SuishiYiwen

Suishi Yiwen is a vernacular novel in Ming Dynasty, which has a relatively reliable age, version, and high spoken language degree. So Suishi Yiwen is an important linguistic material in studying Chinese language in Ming Dynasty.The major research methods of this thesis are quantitative statistics, the exhaustive description, synchronic comparison and so on.The thesis thinks pronoun is word with role of substitution and nominatum, and we divide 123 pronouns in Suishi Yiwen into 3 categories according to the function of meaning and expression: personal pronoun, demonstrative pronoun and interrogative pronoun. And then we describe and analyze all these pronouns in detail, thus comprehensively reveal the general picture of pronouns in Suishi Yiwen.We generalize and summarize some characteristics of pronouns in Suishi Yiwen in five aspects:syllable structure, word formation, position of pronoun object, plural notation of personal pronouns and non-interrogative usage of interrogative pronoun. As for syllable structure, there are 47 monosyllabic pronouns, total 8838 examples; 68 disyllabic pronouns, total 1544 examples; 8 trisyllabic pronouns, total 23 examples. Although the amount of disyllabic pronouns are more than monosyllabic pronouns, but the examples of monosyllabic pronouns are more than disyllabic pronouns. As for word formation, there are 47 simple pronouns and 76 synthetic pronouns. And the synthetic pronouns is compound synthesize pronouns based, accounting for 61.84%. As for the position of the pronoun object, "SVO" word order type in Suishi Yiwen accounts for 98.32%, "SOV" type is still slightly reserved, accounting for 1.68%; In the potential verb-complement structure, pronoun objects between the verb and complement account for 91.11%. As for plural notation of personal pronouns, there are three ways for personal pronouns indicating plural meanings which are pronoun plus phrase with plural meaning, pronoun plus suffix and singular personal pronoun indicating plural meaning. As for non-interrogative usage of interrogative pronoun, we generalize some sentence patterns and syntax patterns where are often appeared for non-interrogative usage of interrogative pronoun.We also have two kinds of south linguistic materials Suishi Yiwen and Xingshiyan and three kinds of north linguistic materials Laoqida Yanjie, Piaotongshi Yanjie and Jinpingmei Cihua represent south and north respectively, and choose “zen” system and “shen” system interrogative pronounof them to conduct a synchronic comparison.