A Study Of Pronouns In Maschman's "Chinese Language And Law"

Elements of Chinese Grammar,written by British missionary Joshua Marshman,is an important monograph of classical Chinese grammar in the history of Western Chinese grammar research.In view of the actual situation of Chinese at that time,it summed up the grammatical features of Chinese in a scientific and comprehensive way,and initially established the grammatical system of classical Chinese grammar.This monograph is the first textbook for Chinese classical grammar.It was once selected as a Chinese textbook by the Royal College of London and is known as the "key" for Westerners to open the door of Chinese.At the same time,pronouns,as an important part of modern Chinese word class,are one of the most significant and difficult points for Chinese as a second language learner,and have high research value.Therefore,based on the study of modern Chinese pronouns,this paper analyzes the contributions and deficiencies of Joshua Marshman's writing of this book through the study of pronouns in the Elements of Chinese Grammar,and explores the reference significance for teaching Chinese as a foreign language and contemporary Chinese pronouns' teaching.The full text is divided into six chapters.The first chapter starts with the Joshua Marshman's life,and researches the background,purpose,main content and stylistic rules and layout of the compilation of the book.The second chapter describes and analyses the collection,classification and frequency of pronouns in the Elements of Chinese Grammar,explores the completeness of pronouns collection,discusses the feasibility of Marshman 's classification criteria,and tests the frequency of the pronouns in Elements of Chinese Grammar in modern Chinese.Then the use of pronouns in Elements of Chinese Grammar is compared with that in modern Chinese studies in China,and the Enlightenment of Marshman 's pronoun study on modern Chinese pronouns is explored.The third chapter tries to make a statistical analysis of pronouns in Elements of Chinese Grammar from the perspective of syntactic function.At the same time,it compares the syntactic functions of pronouns in Ma Shi Wen Tong and A Grammar of the Chinese Language,in order to explore the accuracy and completeness of the syntactic functions of pronouns in the Elements of Chinese Grammar.The fourth chapter discusses the contribution and deficiency of the pronoun description in the book Elements of Chinese Grammar.It reflects the influence of Joshua Marshman's inability to get rid of the English grammar system from the three aspects of using situation,classify situation and syntactic function,but the value of this book in the history of Chinese Grammar and Sinology cannot be ignored.The fifth chapter discusses the enlightenment of the description of pronouns in Elements of Chinese Grammar to teaching Chinese as a foreign language.Different from the Chinese textbooks of the same period,the Elements of Chinese Grammar is more theoretical and is a monograph of Chinese classical Chinese.The study of pronouns can be found in the process of studying Chinese classical Chinese grammar,which involves the differences between spoken and written language,Mandarin and dialect,and combines cultural teaching with language teaching to provide a reference for Chinese as a second language.In addition,as one of the teaching materials of Chinese teaching in the modern Britain,the Elements of Chinese Grammar is also worthy of the experience of modern Chinese textbooks in the practicality,pertinence and difficulty of programming.The academic research on the missionary Chinese is mainly based on the missionary's life and its works.At present,there is no special research on Joshua Marshman's the Elements of Chinese Grammar and the specific part of the pronoun in the book.I hope this study can fill the blank in this respect.