| Depression is a common negative emotions, it impacts on the behavior efficiency and the quality of life. Seriously it is capable of doing harm to human physical and mental health, life safety. In recent years, many investigations show that Occupation population the incidence of depression has been at a high level. Effective intervention is indispensable. Social support is available as individual external resources, to a certain extent, it can prevent the occurrence of depression. However, scholars have pointed out that when individuals face the pressure situation, from the other social support but makes its pressure on the experience more strongly, and psychological symptoms more.[Objects] The objectives of this research are to understand the Occupation population’s mental health, social support, and their relationship, and to explore the related factors which induce the psychological problems. It is aimed to provide the basis for mental health care for the crowd, as well as provide scientific suggestion for formulation of relevant health education measures to prevent and reduce the generation and development of depression greatly.[Methods]1. Literature Survey:Based on the literature Survey about depression and social support in china and abroad, the basic theories about depression and social support are studied and summaried. 2. Practical Research:From August2008to November2008, A survey was conducted with multi-stage stratified sampling method including5occupational populations as civil servants, scientific and technical personnel, administrative staff, physical workers and teachers. The questionnaire including the physicians’socio-demographic characteristics andother variables, Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).3. Data Analysis:After verifications,all survey data was analyzed by SPSS19.0for Windows software package.In this study,count data was analyzed by proportion or rate.Measurement data was expressed by(x^-±s).The difference between two groups or among several groups was analyzed by chi-square test, rank sum test. Multivariate analysis was analyzed multi-Logistic regression, analysis Multiple linear regression analysis methods, et al. P<0.05was considered significant statistical difference.[Results]1. The overall situation of depressionDetected2331valid questionnaires were retrieved. Their average self-rating depression score was39.23±8.55. It was lower than the nationalnorm41.88±10.57. The rates of the participants at the state of mild, moderate, and severe depression were21.7%,17.8%and1.3%,respectively,and59.2%of the participants were normal.2. Depression compared between the groups with different socio-demographic haracteristicsIn the five types, the positive in depression were civil servants(45.4%),scientific research personnel(39.4%),managers (52.5%), manual workers(44.9%),teachers(57.7%). The mean rank values with indexnonparametric test for the depression are servants(978.65),scientific-research-personnel(903.70),managers(1083.74),manualworkers (974.64),teachers(1089.99).The proportion of depression and mean rank values in teachers was the highest, and that in scientific research personnel was the smallest. The statistically difference is significant.(Chi-square=31.961, Asymp.sig<0.001).In the items of whether "depression", the statistically difference is significant among the physicians with different sex,the average daily working time, over the past year average family income, the degree of culture.(P<0.05) In the items of depressionindex comparison,the statistically difference is significant amongthe physicians with the average daily working time, over the past year average family income, the degree of culture.(P<0.05).3. The status of social supportThe average score of social support was41.70±7.57, and is higher than the national norm of34.56±3.73,the statistically difference is significant.(P<0.05) The average score of subjective support dimension was24.46±4.70, The average score of objective support was9.53±3.25, The average score of availability with social support was7.70±1.96.4. Social support compared between the groups with different socio-demographic characteristicsThe score of teachers was the highest (42.94±6.95),followed by the physical workers (42.68±7.55),civil servants (42.40±7.85), administrative staff (40.60±7.66), and the scientific and technical personnel was the lowest (39.94±7.34). The score of teachers in subjective support, objective support and availability with social support was the highest, the statistically difference is significant.(P<0.001). In the items of score with social support, the statistically difference is significant among gender, marital status, age and culture degree.5. Influence factors with Self-Rating DepressionLogistic regression analysis showed that the main factors which affects the depressive symptoms of Occupation population include:the growth of the age, lower family income, high work strain, the average daily working longer, low levels of social support, housing conditions of low satisfaction.6. Influence factors with Social SupportMultiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the influential factors on social support were the age, gender, marital status, Self-Rating Depression, the degree of culture and family income. Depression index is high, the total scores were lower. Compared with men, women had a higher score. compared with the unmarried and divorced, the married had a higher score, compared with the illiterate less, college and degree of utilization of social support score is higher; compared with the family per capita monthly income of less than1000yuan, between1000and1999yuan, the total scores of subjective support was higher, but to more than4000yuan, the total scores of subjective support is lower.7. The correlation between depression and social supportThe group depressed had a higher score than normal, the difference is significant.[Conclusion] The level of depression was lower significantly than that of ordinary people in city Zhejiang province,while the level of social support was higher significantly than that, working long everday, the low level of month income, older, high job strain,lower social support and living conditions of low satisfaction may be a risk factor for developing depressive symptoms among working populations. Age had a positive correlation with social support. working populations Who were in better marital status had a higher total score of social support. The results of multiple linear regression showed that the depression had negative correlation with social support Many kinds of health education methods should be conducted in occupational population to alleviate their psychological stress and promote their psychological health. |
PDF Full Text Request