Studies On Pharmacognosy Of Violae Herba And Adulterant

Abstract:bjective:Violae herba is from the all dry grass of Violaceae Viola plants Viola yedoensis Makino, first seen in" Invaluable Prescriptions for Ready Reference".Called for the viola by "An illustrated book of plants",one of perennial herbaceous plants.It is used for heat clearing and detoxifying,cooling blood and swelling. For a long time, people often use many kinds of plants of Viola L. as Chinese medicine. The source of Violae herba from different pharmacy is very serious confused. The phenomenon of medicinal material mixing is serious.At present Violae herba is mainly from Viola yedoensis Makino, Viola inconspicua Blume, Viola concordifolia C.J.Wang,Viola magnifica C. J. Wang,Viola labridorca Schrank,Gentiana yokusai Burkill.Morphology identification, microscopic identification, physical and chemical identification were used to identify these commodities of Herba Violae; The rDNA ITS sequences of Viola yedoensis Makino and the adulterants were analyzed to establish the molecular biological method for authentication of Viola yedoensis Makino and the adulterants.Methods:(1)Violaeherba from9Pharmacies in Sichuan Province is proceed with morphology identification (2) The9samples were studied by optical microscope (3) The9samples were identified by thin-layer chromatography and fluorescence。(4) Total DNA of Viola yedoensis Makino and the adulterants were extracted. The ITS sequence was amplified by universal primer. The PCR products were directly sequenced and both directions were sequenced.Results:Can be judged according to the morphological identification,identification of powdered and fluorescent identificationresults: Sample1, sample3, sample5, sample8are authentic Viola yedoensis Makino; sample2majority of Viola magnifica C. J. Wang; sample4for Viola concordifolia C.J.Wang; sample6Viola inconspicua Blume; samples7mostly Viola inconspicua Blume, a small amount of Viola yedoensis Makino, samples9is mixture of Viola yedoensis Makino and Viola magnifica C. J. Wang.(2)8specific authenticable sites were found in the ITS1and ITS2region.