| Background : The prevalence of sleep disorders in the elderly is about 47.2% in China.Sleep disorders can lead to decline in immunity, induce a variety of diseases such as neurasthenia, gastrointestinal diseases, even can increase the risk of AD(Alzheimer’s Disease)、depression、heart disease、high blood pressure, obesity、memory deterioration,suicidal behavior, etc. With the acceleration of population aging, by 2050, China will be the country with the most number of elderly people in the world. Great attention will be pay to the sleep disorder in the elderly from researchers and policy makers. As a hot academic topic at the moment, the theory of social capital, has gradually become one of the important tools to analysis and evaluation of sociology problems, and widely used in the fields of health, economic, and many other research. The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between social capital and sleep disorders in the elderly, in order to find a new theoretical perspective to improving sleep quality in the elderly.Objectives: Reveal the current situation of sleep quality and social capital in the elderly; To study the relationship between social capital and community sleep disorders in the elderly.Method: This study conducted face-to-face questionnaire survey with the method of two-stage cluster sampling; Four city in Anhui province: LiuAn(in the west),ChuZhou(in the north),WuHu(in the east), AnQing city(in the south), were selected as research site, then choose a city and a rural communities respectively in each city.Survey questionnaire mainly include: general situation questionnaire, social capital measurement questionnaire and Athens insomnia scale. Using Epi Data(Version 3.1) for data sorting and entry, using SPSS(Statistic Package for Social Science, Version11.0)for statistical analysis. Statistical methods: classification of variable data using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact probability comparison, inspection level of alpha = 0.05,multivariate analysis for Sleep disorder(logistic regression of orderly classification data).Results:(1) 3452 people surveyed, the real effective questionnaire 3045, valid response rate was 88.21%.(2) Sleep quality: There are 1028 people(33.76%) among respondents sleep latency or trouble falling asleep, 1200 people(10.11%) were significant or severe phenomenon of waking up at night, 1022 people(33.56%) than the expected time of wake up, 891 people(6.28%), insufficient sleep significantly or severity shortage, 928people(30.48%) are not satisfied with their sleep quality.762(25.02%) because sleep problems lead to depression, during the 798 people(26.21%), physical function caused by poor sleep, there are 1247 people(40.95%) of those polled said there is still a drowsiness during the day. According to the criteria to judge Athens scale, insomnia and insomnia are suspicious: 264(8.67%) and 727(23.88%).(3) The level of social capital:Social Support : 2349 people(77.14%) among respondents can get emotional support from individuals when in trouble, 2300 people(75.53%) can get financial support from individuals when in trouble, 1840 people(60.43%) of respondents can get emotional support from organizations or informal groups when in trouble, 1791 people(58.82%) of respondents can get financial support from the organization or informal group when in trouble, Overall, There are 2085 people(67.49%) to obtain high levels of social support among the investigation.Social participate :There are 558 people(18.33%) among respondents participate in the activities of formal organization, 599 people(19.67%) participate in the activities of informal group, 531 people(17.44%) involved in the service activities for the eldersin the community, 460 people(15.11%), work as community volunteer., Overall, There are 1028 people(33.76%) to obtain high levels of social participation among the investigation.Trust :1135 people(37.27%) among respondents trust to the most people, 2077people(68.21%) trust community residents, 2341 people(76.88%) trust friend, 2514people(82.56%), trust or other family members, relatives, 2355(77.34%) trust general hospital doctor, 2381 people(78.19%) trust community doctor, 2062 people(67.71%)trust community residents’ committees or staff of the village committee; Overall, There are 1414 people(46.44%) to obtain high levels of social trust among the investigation.Social Ties:1532 people(50.31%) among respondents keep in touch with your neighbors frequently, 627 people(20.59%) visiting neighbor’s house frequently, 1572(51.63%) Invite neighbors to home.2004(65.81%) keep in touch with friends frequently,2333 people(76.62%)keep in touch with relatives frequently; Overall, There are 1526people(50.11%) to obtain high levels of social ties among the investigation.Cohesion and Belongingness:There are 1382 people in the survey(45.39%),concern within the community, There are 2040 people(67.00%) believe that community members live in harmony,2031(66.70%) Seek help from neighbors when in trouble,2066(67.85%) will take the initiative to help neighbours to solve difficult, 2163(71.03%) Prefer to live in the community, 2082(68.37%) Said community feel at home,1844(60.56%) said very reluctant to move out this community; Overall, There are 2944 people(98.33%) to obtain high levels of cohesion among the investigation.(4) In this study,The influence of social capital on the sleep quality: Respondents have the lower level of social trust, the sparse social contact, the more likely suffer from insomnia; We have not found statistically associated between insomnia with the dimension of social support, social participant and cohesion.Conclusion: In the community, A third of older people suffer from sleep disorders;Elderly people who have the lower level of social trust, the sparse social contact, the more likely suffer from insomnia;Recommendations:Improve the system of social support and social participation of old people, build trust each other and harmonious social environment, provide convenience to improve the community of elderly social ties, enrich targeted older entertainment exercise and organization... |
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