| ObjectivesThe goal of the present study is to examine the status of sleep quality,sleep hygiene practice and physical activity among community-dwelling elderly people,to analyze the influencing factors of sleep quality,and to investigate the associations between sleep hygiene practices,physical activity and sleep quality in the elderly.According to the results,the feasible suggestions and countermeasures were put forward,providing evidence for improving sleep quality of the elderly.MethodsFrom June to October 2016,300 individuals who met the inclusion criteria were sampled from 5 districts of Changchun City.Door-to-door interviews were conducted.Sleep quality,sleep habits,physical activity were measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,Sleep Hygiene Practice Scale,and Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly respectively.The Epi Data3.1 and SPSS17.0 were used to input and analyze the data.In descriptive analysis,measurement data is presented in(SX ±).Count data is presented in frequency and percentage.Chi-square test and nonparametric test were used in univariate analysis.Spearman coefficient test was used in correlation analysis between sleep quality and physical activity.Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios(ORs)for risk factor of sleep quality.Results1.The study sample was comprised of 290 community-dwelling elderly residents.The mean sleep quality score was 7.49±3.53.Forty-four percent of the sample reported poor sleep quality.The average sleep time was 21:26 and wake up time was 4:43.The average sleep latency and total sleep time were about(31.11±26.67)min,(6.29+1.05)h respectively.2.Univariate analysis showed that gender,age,number of children,family income,education level,drinking,and the number of chronic diseases were significantly impact on sleep quality of the elderly(P<0.05).Besides,Subjects with heart disease,diabetes and arthritis suffered more from sleep disturbances(P<0.05).3.Mean sleep hygiene practices score was 58.12±12.19.The highest score of sleep habits was daytime napping of lying in bed for more than 1h.There was a significant different in the total score of sleep hygiene practices,arousal-related behaviors,eating/drinking behaviors and sleep environment among the elderly with different gender(P<0.05).The total score of sleep hygiene practices was positively correlated with the total score of sleep quality(r=0.448,P<0.01).4.Mean physical activities score of the sample was 121.88±64.44.In terms of various activities,97.6% of the elderly participated in walking;the elderly participated in mild,moderate and severe physical exercise accounted for 71.1%,33.4%,17.2%;only 8.6% of the elderly engaged in the occupation activity.There was no significant difference in the physical activity of the elderly with different gender(P>0.05),but the difference of the physical activity of the elderly in different age groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total score of physical activity was negatively related with the total score of sleep quality(r=-0.581,P<0.01).5.Sleep hygiene practices,including arousal-related behaviors and eating/drinking behaviors(P<0.05),and physical activities,including leisure time activity and household activity(P<0.01)remained significant in logistic regression.Conclusions1.The sleep quality of community-dwelling elderly people was poor.Long sleep latency,nocturnal sleep disturbance,daytime dysfunction and subjective sleep quality were the common sleep problems of community-dwelling elderly people.2.General information affecting sleep quality: number of children,family income,drinking,diseases.However,gender and age did not affect the sleep quality of community-dwelling elderly people,which was consistent with the results of one systematic evaluation.3.Community-dwelling elderly residents had lots of poor sleep hygiene practices.Sleep hygiene practices affecting the sleep quality of community-dwelling elderly included arousal-related behaviors and eating/drinking behaviors.Sleep hygiene practice was positively correlated with sleep quality.4.Community-dwelling elderly residents lacked regular physical exercises.Physical activities affecting the sleep quality of community-dwelling elderly included leisure time activity and household activity.The physical activity was positively related to the quality of sleep. |
