Classification And Analysis Of The Respiratory Disease Spectrum Variation Of Flood

Objective: The purpose is to understand the epidemic situation and to find out relatively reasonable grading floods in recent years, focusing on major floods and trend of respiratory disease spectrum-with the Case of Chongqing:so as to provide a reference for rational allocation of medical resources in the domestic flood rescue and for curing of respiratory diseases and promotion of the medical rescue efficiency in the future’s major disasters.Meterials: By searching the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Journal Full-text database, Science Direct, Pub Med, at home and abroad to understand the status of major floods and classification-with the Case of Chongqing.The retrospective research has been applied. Based on the Disaster-stricken Victims Respiratory Diseases Survey Sheet designed by the subject group, disease data have been collected from the local township hospitals, interim medical rescue stations and medical squads, whose medical staff had gone deep into all villages to diagnose patients. Meanwhile, based on the outpatient log summary sheet, general data including the patient name, age, region, diagnosis and so on have been summarized statistically, and diseases have been diagnosed and classified according to the International Classification of Disease. From them, we have selected and analyzed the data related to respiratory diseases, calculated the gender, age, and the number of patients suffering different diseases, as well as their percentage. Meanwhile, the time distribution trend of the number of different patients has been summarized statistically.Results:1. Floods are the most common natural disaster, the world appears more frequently and serious harm; return period as a relatively reasonable standard domestic flood classification.2. With the Case of Chongqing,766 cases of patients suffering the respiratory diseases have been counted, among which 436 are male [age: 0-14, 36 cases(8.26%); age: 15-60, 178 cases(40.8%), age>60, 222 cases(50.9%)]and 330 are female(age: 0-14, 28 cases(8.48%); age:15-60, 142 cases(43.0%), age>60, 160 cases(48.5%). The male patients take up 56.9% and the female take up 43.1%. The oldest patient is 93, and the youngest is just 7 months.3. The top 5 diseases are: 496 cases of acute upper respiratory infection, taking up 64.8%; 82 cases of pneumonia, taking up 10.7%; 80 cases of tracheobronchitis, taking up 10.4%; 53 cases of chronic bronchitis, taking up 6.92%; 21 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, taking up 2.74%. The critical respiratory diseases include respiratory failure, lung contusion, hemopneumothorax, and chronic pulmonary heart disease, among which pulmonary heart disease has the highest incidence rate of 2.16% and respiratory failure has the lowest incidence rate of 0.52%.4. 1-5 weeks after a flood disaster, there will generally be a rising trend of the respiratory diseases incidence. The incidence rises rapidly in the 2nd week, peaks in the 3rd week, decreases slowly in the 4th week, and goes down to the minimum in the 5th week. Hemopneumothorax, lung contusion, respiratory failure and other critical respiratory diseases all happen in the first week after the disaster, while lung cancer and tuberculosis are sporadic and don’t follow the obvious time rule.5. In view of the respiratory diseases distribution in the severely affected areas of Chongqing, Tongjing Town, which had the largest affected area and suffered the largest economic loss, have the highest incidence rate of respiratory diseases, taking up 40% of the whole incidence rate in four areas, while Dasheng Town, mildly affected, just takes up 16%. The statistical data shows that the disease incidence rate for people in these two areas differs by over 20%.Conclusions: There is no uniform international standard classification floods, follow to the actual needs of flood management, work can be classified according to the return period.1-5 weeks after the flood disaster, there is the rising trend of respiratory disease incidence, and the diseases are dominated by the infectious diseases, but the critical respiratory diseases should be cared about as well. Therefore, medical resources should be allocated rationally and the disease prevention and control efficiency should be promoted in the future’s flood rescue according to the disease spectrum variation rule in different periods after a disaster.