| Objective:Through conducting the same incremental load exercise program by students of Physical Education,testing the same movement pattern or different movement pattern, this paper attampted to analyze the characteristics of body’s energy metabolism and substrate expenditure in subjects with different BMR and body fat ratio under incremental load to exhaustive exercise, and the characteristics that at different movement pattern under the same incremental load program; discuss at different physical conditions body’s CHO and FAT consumption energy supply in the course of the campaign, energy supply percentage and total energy consumption, with variation characteristics and relationships of increasing exercise load, it aimed to get a deeper understanding of energy metabolism and substrate consumption in the course of the campaign, and then provided some theoretical and practical basis for scientific exercise or fitness.Methods:hierarchical clustering discriminant method combined subjects the group mean method (above mean as high group, and contrarily as low group),36male and24female subjects were divided by gender into BMR high and low two groups, and body fat ratio high, low two groups, using power cycling to conduct the same incremental load (25w/1.5min) to exhaustive exercise, of which12female conducted different movement patterns (treadmill and bicycle) while same incremental load (25w/1.5min) power to exhaustive exercise test. In this study, the gas analyzer collected the gas metabolism data of the body during exercise once every10s, and then measured the results of energy metabolism and substrate expenditure.Results:Under the same load program conduct incremental load to exhaustive exercise:①ubjects of the BMR high, low two groups and body fat ratio high and low groups as load increment, CHO consumption, energy supply and the percentage gradually increased, while consumption and energy supply of the FAT gradually reduced; in male BMR high low groups and body fat ratio high and low groups FAT consumption of each group was maximum all at75W (BMR high group:59.49±14.2%VO2max,73.20±14.68%HRmax; the low group:65.89±13.39% VO2max,81.24±7.79%HRmax; body fat ratio high group:63.9±13.5%VO2max,78.36±8.44%HRmax; the low group:61.2±14.5%VO2max75.99±14.93%HRmax), in male BMR high, low groups FAT expenditure’s maximum value were respectively5.34±1.93mg/min/kg,4.82±2.07mg/min/kg (P<0.05); maximum value of male body fat ratio high and low groups respectively were:4.55±2.21mg/min/kg,5.48±1.77mg/min/kg (P<0.05). When female BMR high low groups and body fat ratio high low groups all at50w (BMR high group:46.16±9.30%VO2max,53.22±7.66%HRmax; BMR low group:51.29±9.06%VO2max,55.78±10.53%HRmax; body fat ratio high group:52.42±8.75%VO2max,56.22±9.74%HRmax; body fat ratio low group:44.46±8.59%VO2max52.38±7.83%HRmax), FAT expenditure energy supply was maximum, maximum value of BMR high and low groups were respectively:4.99±1.4mg/min/kg,4.84±1.28mg/min/kg (P>0.05); maximum value of body fat ratio high low groups respectively were:4.78±1.21mg/min/kg,5.06±1.46mg/min/kg (P>0.05). When female in the treadmill and bicycle tests, cycling FAT consumption at50w (37.7±7.4%VO2max,58.3±6.60%HRmax); and treadmill at75w (55.61±10.55%VO2max,69.62±5.46%HRmax) fat and FAT expenditure were all maximum, respectively were;4.77±1.27mg/min/kg,6.51±2.57mg/min/kg,(P<0.001). While CHO expenditure’s maximum value appeard at the exhaustive load stage, with the exercise load increment, there was obvious difference in the decline level and decline timing of FAT energy supply.②at small and medium load strength, subjects’CHO expenditure energy supply and energy supply percentage of BMR high group and body fat ratio low group was less than that of BMR low group and body fat ratio high group, while the FAT expenditure energy energy supply ratio were contrary, expenditure and energy supply percentage of CHO, FAT, were significant difference (P<0.05). Body’s FAT expenditure energy supply and energy supply percentage in cycling exercise were significantly lower than that on treadmill (P<0.05), and the CHO expenditure was slightly lower than treadmill.③at the same load total energy output of BMR high group and body fat ratio low group, respectively lower than BMR low group and body fat ratio high group, body’s total energy output on treadmill was significantly higher than on bicycle.Conclusion:In incremental load to exhaustive exercise:①the characteristics and variations of body’s energy metabolism and substrate expenditure were consistent with the demand of incremental exercise load, body for energy output.②Different body conditions as well as different exercise patterns, fitness load strength that the body selected must be different. BMR high group:59-64%VO2max; low group:56-74%VO2max; body fat ratio high group:55-71%VO2max; low group:61-66%VO2max; Female:BMR high group was46.16±9.30%VO2max and low group:51%VO2max; body fat ratio high group:52%VO2max, and low group:44-56%VO2max; cycling FAT consumption was37.7±7.4%VO2max; while on treadmill the maximum load range of fat consumption occured at 42-55%VO2max, which is suitable for sports and fitness. Tips:Compared to male, treadmill, female and cycling can get maximum fat consumption at an earlier and lower exercise load. This means in losing weight or reducing fat exercise, female can reach a maximum lose weight effect even though choosing a lower exercise than male.③Subjects of male and female BMR high group and body fat ratio low group had to use a higher FAT energy supply percentage, the ability of aerobic oxidation for FAT was relatively stronger, and the energy use was more economical and effective. While subjects of BMR low group and body fat ratio high group uses more CHO, and their dependence for CHO energy supply was larger.④Treadmill or running exercise can reflect body’s aerobic capacity more effectively, in contrast the middle and low intensity treadmill exercise can burn more fat so that it was more conducive to sports fitness and reduce fat. |
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