The Four-dimensional Space Form Research Of The Old Main Axis

The axis, as the basic law of composition, was occupied as an important part in the construction of almost all the city since the Enlightenment of human civilization. Every dynasties or institutional changing would cause the blending and collision of culture from the angle of time dimension, the materialized result of which is the spatial changing of the axis in the city in four-dimension. Although many scholars have been studding on the spatial morphology of the city axis, and also proposed the city axis is diachronic. However, the systematic study on the diachronic evolvement of city main axis spatial form has never been launched.In order to make up the defects as the goal above mentioned, this paper has clarified the process of formation and development of Chinese and western city axis and dig out two critical factors, political and contextual factors, using the method of documentary, exemplification, and comparative analysis. The Spatial diachronic evolution of main axis has been probing. The main axis of space form in response to its, which is based on western typical cases, sums up the plane of time dimension of urban main axis : "dot" ——the square; "line" ——the streets; "plane" ——the area and three-dimensional space scale, the evolution of the interface and the skylines of space form, find out that the action of the direction of the convergence blended under time and culture.interface and skyline based on some typical examples both in China and western countries, expecting to some accurate prediction on its future development trend.It can be found through analysis and study that the big difference of space form between China and western city main axis mainly due to political, ideological and cultural background.before the 20 th century, together with the growing international cultural exchange, there is a amalgamation of the regional culture, although there are different political system, the idea of political democracy and freedom are the same, however, China and the west of the city’s main axis space form has a tendency to convergence.