| In recent years, China is in the development stage of rapid urbanization. The urban population increased from 460 million to 670 million from 2000 to 2010. The urbanization percentage increased from 36% to 50%. By 2013 China urbanization rate reached 54%. In the next period of time, China will continue to be in a stage of rapid development of urbanization. The urbanization rate will be expected to reach about 68%in 2030. Sound environment has a great impact on human health, job and learning,especially in the process of urbanization. Therefore, sound enviroment is in urgent need of research to provide reference for the new rural construction.This paper carries out statistical analysis and comparative study to investigate the urban and rural areas in northeast China, by means of collecting data through questionnaire investigation and measured data, based on some relevant theory of the sound environment, thus putting forward the optimized design strategy for rural sound environment. It is found that there are some differences in sound environment between rural and urban areas in northeast China, which can be listed as follows.As for the complex sound source, the sound subjective evaluation of rural residents is higher than urban residents, and the relevance curve between sound pressure level(SPL) and subjective evaluation is similar, which shows that rural and urban residents’ demands on sound environment are similar. So the optimization design of urban sound environment could be applied to the rural areas as reference, and can be adjusted according to the rural economic situation. From this study, the SPL in rural residential areas is from 50 to 60 d BA, the SPL along the road is from 70 to 85 d BA, which is similar to that of urban areas. Rural residents’ subjective evaluation to the sound environment is higher than that of urban residents.Through comparisons of different single sound sources, it is found that the relevant curve between SPL and subjective sound evaluation is similar, however, the sound evaluation of rural residents is higher than that of urban residents. the evaluation of rural residents on traffic noise is better than that of urban residents, while traffic noise is the boring sound of urban residents. As for the production noise, the contact frequency of rural residents is higher than that of urban residents, especially during the harvest season. In terms of natural sound, the preference level of urban residents is higher than that of the rural residents, the natural sound environment within rural residential areas is relatively poor, while the natural sound environment nearby is competitively good. The musical sound with a high SPL is more popular among rural residents, while the favorite musical sound of urban residents is complex.By comparing the contributing factors of subjective sound evaluation, it is found that the basic information of participants between rural and urban groups is far more different. The elderly people occupy the majority of rural residents, most of whom are farmers with a low education level. While the urban residents distributes evenly among different age groups, most of whom are engaged in mental labor, with a relatively higher education level. Due to the same geographical location, there are little differences in terms of environmental factors. As for the acoustic propagation, the sound environment of rural areas can be seen as free sound field, while that of the urban areas is relatively complex.It can be found through comparisons that the subjective sound evaluation of rural residents is higher than that of the urban residents, and most of the relevant curve between the sound subjective evaluation and SPL are similar, and the differences of contributing factors is mostly due to the disparity of participants’ basic information. The optimization design of urban sound environment could be applied to the rural areas as reference... |
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