Optimized Design Of The Physical Environment In Villages In Severe Cold Regions In Northeast China

In severely cold northeast China,the distinctive climatic conditions and comparatively slow economic growth result in the relatively backward village construction.Some problems such as high energy-consumption and low comfort building,and relatively bad overall environment remain.Northeast China is the main agricultural base in China,pertinent research is urgently needed on village construction and environmental improvement in that area,in order to improve the living standards of farmers.To implement the concept of “building beautiful livable villages” and make better the extremely bad physical environment of the villages in severely cold northeast China,this paper,with the support of the National Science and Technology Support Project Subject-topic 2 Climate Adaptability Program and Environment Optimization Technology(2013BAJ12B02)of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan”,through an enormous amount of interviews,surveys and objective tests on the villages in severely cold northeast China,analyzes the exis ting problems and objective demands of the development of the physical environment of the villages.This paper,starting from the realities of the villages and aiming tocreate conmfortableenvironment,investigates systematically the physical environment of this region,in order to provide practical,feasible planning approaches and strategies to regulate the physical environment of the villages.First off,it adopts the statistical analytic approach to determine the factor weight composing the physical environment and the interactive relationship between the impact factors and lays a foundation for model optimization.Synthesizes such three physical environmental elements as acoustic,light and thermal,extracts the component factors and impact factors of t he physical environment of the severely cold northeast China.Appling the principal component statistical analytic approach,to make an analysis of the component factors and impact factors of physical environment.Determined the interactive relationship between the impact factors and the component factors,and then the comprehensive physical environment evaluation model is built.Second,it applies the orthogonal experiment to design and optimize the testing program,combines the computer software simulation,judges the significance of the influence of the planning and design elements on the single physical index and weighs and decides the optimal plan for the overall physical environment in accordance with the index weight.In line with the analytic resul ts of the factors of the physical environment and the data of survey in villages,and by means of the orthogonal experiment approach,it constructs the testing programs encompassing 13 major planning and design elements and satisfying the optical environme ntal requirements.Appling computer software simulation and optimized results verification,divides the significance of the incidence of the design elements according to the obtained corresponding data.Based on the weight of factors,determine the final comprehensive optimized plan for the physical environment.It is the foundation for the further research on the design strategy.Integrating the above research results and combining with the characteristics of villages in this region,this paper coordinates the conflicts between the acoustic,light and thermal environment,between climate characteristics in winter and summer and between economic-technical conditions and villagers’ will.Put forth the optimized approaches and strategies in correspondence wi th the physical environment of villages from the macro(village space configuration design)and micro(internal courtyard space design)perspectives.Verified the effectiveness of the comprehensively optimized design strategy of the physical environment th rough software simulation.And provides theoretical and technical backup for the development and construction of the severely cold villages.The innovation achievements of this paper are as follows: Based on the objective investigation and testing,statistical analysis of data,systematic analysis and optimization simulation testing of the physical environment of the severely cold villages in northeast China,the paper respectively builds the subjective comprehensive evaluation model for the factors composi ng the physical environment in summer,the warm transient season,winter and the cold transient season.Revealed the dialectical relationship between the impact factor and component factors of the acoustic,light and thermal environment,and put forward the optimal design method of physical environment.From the macro level and micro level,brought forward the multilevel strategies to village planning and design in severely cold northeast China.For the purposes of guiding the design for village planning and physical environment improvement there and providing the theoretical foundation and technical support for the construction of beautiful,livable villages,the improvement and development of the physical environment and the follow-up relevant research on the physical environment of the villages in the severely cold northeast China.