Study On The Front Structure Safety Evaluation Technology Of Operation Passenger Car

With the improvement of living standard and travel demand, the number of operation passenger car increases sharply. The road transportation of passengers by bus is convenient and comfortable, but serious traffic accident occurs occasionally, leading bitter loss of property and life. According to statistics, during the period of 2008 to 2014, 99 road traffic accidents in which more than 10 people were killed happens, among them, accidents caused by bus front collision account for a large percentage. This problem causes the wide attention of different social fields. Therefore, the study of front structure safety is of great significance to the society.On the basis of the analysis of road traffic safety situation, this research references domestic and foreign vehicle collision regulations and test requirements, proposes the front collision test program, conducts full-scale real vehicle test. Based on the simulation result verified by real test, the study of front structure safety evaluation method and system dynamic characteristic of collision of a certain bus is conducted. The main research content are following:(1) Refer to “The protection of the occupants in the event of a frontal collision for motor vehicle”(GB 11551-2014) and “the protection of occupants of the cab of the commercial vehicle”(GB 26512-2011), center on hammering by pendulum and impact of fixed wall, the initial collision energy is analyzed regarding difference of vehicle models and speed, the method of impact of fixed walls is adopted to evaluate the front structure safety.(2)Refer to “The protection of the occupants in the event of a frontal collision for motor vehicle”(GB 11551-2014), the front collision test program of commercial passenger bus is studied and proposed, including the requirements of test field, fixed walls, vehicle, dummy, drive of the bus, test speed, etc. Taking a certain bus of 6127 model as example, the test of real vehicle full-scale impact to fixed wall is carried out. Test data is collected, including dynamic deformation of the bus, the HPC and THPC, FPC, the safety of the structure of the bus is analyzed.(3) Aiming at previous mentioned bus of 6127 model, employing the pre-processing software Hyperworks and finite element analysis software LS-DYN, the simulation environment model of vehicle impact to fixed wall is built and improved by simulation analysis. On the basis of simulation result is proved to be accurate, the research of system dynamic characteristic of collision and structure safety is conducted. Under the conditions of the different collision speed of 30km/h, 40km/h, 50km/h, the deformation of the vehicle and energy transfer are measured, motion trail, speed changing and acceleration changing of head, arms and legs of the dummy are captured by sensors.