Research On Mechanical Characteristics Analysis And Deduction Technology Of Bus Frontal Collision Accident

Bus crash safety has become a common concern in recent years.However,the research on bus crash safety in China started relatively late,and the standard regulations on passenger protection in bus frontal collision have just been promulgated and implemented.Based on JT/T1369-2020 "The protection of the occupation in the event of a frontal collision for bus",this paper takes a certain type of 6127 bus as the research object to carry out the research on frontal collision safety and accident reproduction.According to the relevant test requirements in the standard,the finite element model of 100%frontal collision for bus is established and simulated by collision simulation software.Through the analysis of the change of energy and quality,the change is within the control range,which verifies the validity of the simulation results.The deformation of the whole vehicle and the movement posture of the dummy in the process of frontal collision are analyzed.According to the occupant injury evaluation index,the dummy injury in frontal collision is evaluated and analyzed.The results show that the injury values of the dummy’s head and legs are within the specified range,while the forces on the neck exceed the specified limit.Through the analysis of the intrusion of the steering wheel,the deformation of the cab floor and the deformation of the left windshield,it is indirectly obtained that the living space of the cab meets the safety requirements.Through the energy absorption analysis of key components,it is found that the underframe is the most energy absorbing structure,followed by the front frame.By analyzing the change of velocity and acceleration,the collision energy absorption time and acceleration peak are obtained.Different collision speeds are used to simulate and calculate the frontal collision model of the bus.The collision deformation of the vehicle,the energy absorption of components,the energy absorption duration and the acceleration changes under different collision speeds are analyzed.Based on the regression analysis method,the regression equation and change curve of the relationship between collision deformation and vehicle speed are obtained,and a set of known data is selected to test the goodness of fit and error of the regression equation.The results show that the regression equation has well goodness of fit and the error is within the set range.The modular design of bus frontal crash accident deduction system is carried out by studying the method of accident deduction.The research results of this paper provide reference for the study of frontal collision safety and occupant protection of bus,the study of accident deduction and reproduction technology.