The Study On Automobile Airbag Modules Based On Vehicle Safety

With the development of society and the number of cars increased dramatically,traffic accidents have become increasingly frequent and severe. In the road trafficaccidents, a higher proportion of the driver and passenger injury in Europe, the UnitedStates, Japan and other developed countries, which the number of deaths accountedfor more than70percent of all road traffic deaths. With the progress of society andpeople’s security consciousness raise, the traffic accidents decreases in year after yearin China. But the growing traffic accident casualty rate reflects the low level of Chinaoverall vehicle safety. Therefore, to improve vehicle safety and protect vehicleoccupants, pedestrians and other vulnerable groups become a growing concern forgovernments, automobile manufacturing enterprises, research institutes andconsumers. Automobile manufacturers constantly updated airbags for safety based onuser requirements in order to gain market and expected to provide better performanceusing new technologies.The airbag as one of the major component of automotive safety systems hasimportant significance in the protection of occupant safety. When the vehicle collides,the airbag deployed rapidly so that the vehicle occupants contact the relatively softairbag to avoid occupants collide with the other parts of the vehicle again and toreduce the injury degree of occupants as far as possible. The deployment performanceof the automobile airbag concerns whether the airbag effectively reduce the occupantinjury and protect the occupant safety and becomes the key data of airbag design andproduction process. So it is necessary to carry out an in-depth study on thedeployment performance of the automobile airbag tests.Based on vehicle safety and automobile airbags as the research object, on thebasis of reading a large volume of domestic and international airbag academicliterature, summarizes the development history of the vehicle safety and airbags andthe research situation at home and abroad. This paper briefly introduces theautomobile safety airbag composition, classification, working principle and test method. And then introduces the commonly used static airbag deployment test andfocuses on the hammer head drop static explosion test, also analyzes the importanceof static airbag deployment performance parameters. Using the pressure calculationequation, gas compression energy equation and gas flow equation to design a buffermethod to absorption buffer the explosive power of airbag deployment. According tothe principle of action and reaction are equal, design a test method to directly measurethe airbag reaction force. And analyze its dynamic characteristic to reduce theexperimental error.Summing up the above method and principle and combining with the staticdeployment test and related standards, design a comprehensive test platform whichcan recycling use and simultaneous measure airbag performance including startingtime, deployment time, counterforce, deployment angular speed and acceleration.Mainly introduces the mechanical structure of airbag deployment speed andacceleration buffer module and reaction test module. The data measured by the testplatform design can be used to judge whether it meets the requirements of airbagdeployment performance and also provide reference data for the manufacturing andproduction of safety airbag, body framework, seat instrument panel and other parts.Then applying the test bench to test expansion performance of a certain type ofautomobile safety airbag and comparing with the real vehicle test results to verify thereliability and accuracy of the test platform design.The data measured by the test platform design is used to analyze the mutualmatch of airbags with body, instrument panel and other automobile parts and providedimportant data basis for the design of automobile safety airbags, body frame andinstrument panel. Finally this paper gives a summary and puts forward the furtherprospect.