Comparison And Research Of Timber Construction In Song And Jin Dynasties And Yingzao Fashi In Song Dynasty In Southeastern Shanxi

The Song and Jin Dynasties are not only the major periods in China history but also important time in this development of Shanxi Province. The construction of the ancient buildings in Shanxi got huge development due to the bloom of Buddhism and Taoism. Currently, Shanxi owns over70%of national cultural buildings and becomes the province with the most of cultural relic buildings. Among them, buildings from Song and Jin Dynasties are especially prevalent in southeastern Shanxi, taking up about half of the national Song, Jin, Yuan Dynasties’ wooden structure of ancient buildings. It is very important to study the Song and Jin Dynasties buildings in the southeastern Shanxi because of their large size and rich timber construction technology.This paper selected a couple of representative buildings in southeastern Shanxi as the object of our study. Firstly, we outline the religious development and species distribution based on the regional historical and geographical environment, organize the Song and Jin Dynasty architecture relic, and summarize the causes of distributional trend, and therefore pave the way to the researches on Song and Jin Dynasty architecture. Secondly, guided by these buildings, we analyze the types and timber construction of the Song and Jin Dynasty architecture in southeastern Shanxi by relating it to the local historical and cultural background. Because the timber construction is the major component of Chinese ancient wooden structure architecture, the analysis of technology of timber construction is very important to the research of the Song and Jin Dynasty architecture. The material modulus system of Yingzao Fashi in Song Dynasty, a very comprehensive monograph of construction techniques, plays a vital role on material scale of timber construction. Therefore, it is crucial to combine timber construction and Yingzao Fashi, and select two examples to illustrate the analysis of timber construction. It serves to provide the theoretical bases for the further comparison of timber construction and Yingzao Fashi. In addition, we analyze on building plan, Beam Fu structure, Tou-Kung structure, roof structure, and material scales of timber construction by applying the building construction system theory. We could therefore systematically explain the construction technology and material scales of timber construction in southeastern Shanxi in Song and Jin Dynasties and analyze the reasons to form these characteristics by comparing with Yingzao Fashi. Finally, We will provide a comprehensive summary of the contents and theoretical basis for the Song and Jin constructions in the region and its construction technology of timber construction.The research on the construction technology of timber construction in southeastern Shanxi in Song and Jin Dynasties not only helps to understand the achievements of the Tang and Yuan Dynasty architectural development on the construction technology, but also provides some information for theoretical study of Song and Jin buildings in other regions of Shanxi. In addition, our comparison between timber construction in Song and Jin Dynasties and Yingzao Fashi reflects the influence of Yingzao Fashi on construction technology of timber construction in southeastern Shanxi.